Rational, happy, fly - ------------------>>...

You must stop in 2025 to renewable energy imports from Russia of rural surplus labour Northwest 3 billion million ordinary km southwest of Central-South land abandoned summer 3 billion cubic meters of water remaining and the occurrence of floods.


Beginning this year to an additional 10 billion yuan per year for western development and afforestation construction scheduling of water, 20 million total investment in 200O, 10 tree takes a hundred years, we have water in 10 years, 10 years tree. .


Wood, just good.


This serves many purposes. . First, construction barn in western China Super basis, since then China can not rely on imports of U.S. soybeans, is not dependent on Russian imports of timber, is not dependent on progress in Australia and Mongolia. .


Mouth wool and dairy cattle and sheep, renewable sources of energy. excessive dependence on these national threat to China's own security and national destiny.. Second, you can speed up the development of the Western economic construction, the expansion of domestic employment, reducing domestic employment pressure.


Force. . This can be our domestic people, do not go to the Russian Far East, dried coolies, always beaten by Russia's extreme racism and slavery, the third, you can consolidate the security of Western countries to stop the extremist separatist conspiracy. .


Activities (Emperor was to prevent the King knew that doing so is the most effective, most of the most stable in the long term,. most secure military, unfortunately, is wasted for 12 years, it is better to have the President finally presided over the work).


Tibetan West Water (Tibet - Xinjiang) River Water Diversion (Sichuan - Ningxia - Gansu) make up Long Lake - (Yichang to Shaanxi - Shanxi - Mongolian desert) Yellow River will complement each other. .


Recycling 2 China – every Chinese person per year to increase the nutrient allocation 1 cow 20 sheep 100 root wood 100 kilos of freshwater fish.


This will be the greatest works of Chinese history, will be the greatest project in human history and the great western development and create the greatest human migration habitat. --- Earth, the first full realization of the desert country into an oasis. .


http://www。.chinanews。.com。.cn/news/2005/2005-05-14/26/574008。.shtml。.


Hubei Vice Governor of rain close attention required to ensure the safety of reservoirs. .


——————————————————————————–。.


At 2:01 p.m. on the May 14, 2005. .


Angelina Wuhan May 13 (Kai ping Zhang Qiang) according to the forecast, 13 to 15, three days, multi-season, Hubei jianghan Southwest, most medium to heavy rain, storm local was also. Vice Governor of Hubei Province, Liu youfan requirements must attaches around the reservoirs, ensure that the standard flood in the reservoir will not collapse to guarantee people's lives and property security.


Liu friends who pointed out that there are various types of reservoirs in Hubei up to 5838, the principal rain area 59,800 square kilometers, accounting for an area of the province, refrain from reservoir safety is related to the overall situation. General construction of reservoirs in Hubei. .


Hilly areas, reservoir and downstream impressively influence within the villages, cities, food production, a major transportation route and important facilities. Currently, the province's flood control reservoir, there are still some important issues, such as the province there are 260.


5 did not complete remediation tasks three reservoirs, as well as Type II reservoirs 2462, and some were hidden trends; number of widely distributed, the more than 5000 mini reservoirs, flood control is the weak link . .


To this end, Hubei Province levels reservoir management unit is closely following the situation, some entire insurance works without completion of the reservoir, flood control and responsibility of the person to supervise the implementation and the promotion of safety measures to ensure that road construction schedule.


Road, and communication. In flood control equipment, each reservoir management units try to win money, with shovels, bags, wooden materials such as flood control, and in particular to strengthen the responsibility to implement and improve flood control reservoir flood control plan. Tong also build libraries across the province. .


121 million cubic meters of water, the water in the rivers rise, according to the regime by the flood.


Liu friends who also asked the province to fully implement the responsibility reservoir flood control, flood prevention and rescue equipment necessary reserves to be adequate spillway to meet flood prevention standards, monitoring facilities to improve the flood season has been their duties to ensure the smooth flow of flood control and telephone, the Chief Executive is responsible for the implementation of flood control system. (End). .


If you are able to be recycled in Xinjiang, China (2).


Tibetan West Water (Tibet - Xinjiang) River Water Diversion (Sichuan - Ningxia - Gansu) make up Long Lake - (Yichang to Shaanxi - Shanxi - Mongolian desert) Yellow River will complement each other. .


Recycling 2 China – every Chinese person per year to increase the nutrient allocation 1 cow 20 sheep 100 root wood 100 kilos of freshwater fish.


This will be the greatest works of Chinese history, will be the greatest project in human history and the great western development and create the greatest human migration habitat. --- Earth, the first full realization of the desert country into an oasis. .


Chinese Academy of social, economic, and cultural studies Professor Deng Ying scouring the integration.


Atlantic Line "route..


From terrain, Feng Shui Southwest terrain than Northwest and North high water level, may be gradually reduced 3578 m above sea level to an altitude of Yellow River 3366 m (3402 m above sea level, Heyuan for development.


Mower grass cover, there can be dug under 36 meters), the formation of tilt from south to north, is conducive to inter-regional water conditions gravity can be across the board. Sang from the Brahmaputra on the day (elevation 3489 m) to the straight line distance of the Yellow River in Heyuan. .


760 km/h, 3500 m above sea level, walk around the contour 1786 km 5 rivers in the interval, between the rivers are shallow valleys (or below) mountain, in order to communicate with Zou, high water.


At an altitude of 3578 meters or 3400 meters in the valley below, the use of modern seismic technology to fight two-tunnel; on 3400 ~ 3558 meters above sea level in the canyon, using directional nuclear blasting building top width of 150 meters of flexible reservoir. .


By high water, flowing water.


1. .


Communication Jaruzelski possession of city River and watershed of the Canyon, Nu is located in nyainqentanglha la white Shoura Ling Mei heap den County tongda Heung-cell Kat Canyon, altitude 3566 m. To access an altitudinal 3556 m elevation, dug diameter.


24. .16-Meter tunnel 6 km to the eight U.S. Lhorong County township, the outlet elevation is 3546 meters, over the water capacity of 6000 cubic meters / second; fall 10 meters, 400 thousand kilowatts can be built station, generating two billion degrees in value. .


$ 1 billion, is four times the cost of the tunnel. Tongda ~ 8, referred to as the "tunnel of the beauty. " 。.


2. .


Communication of the Lancang and nu River watershed is he read niong Canyon by more Canyon, at an elevation of 4000 meters of milk. From hometown Luo Tong County Marley 3536 meters sinking off the coast of dial diameter 28. .32-metre tunnel 19 km to qamdo..


District Riwoqê County Enda Township, outlet elevation 3516 m, over the water capacity of 8000 cubic meters / second, using drop station can be built 1.4 million kilowatts, generating 7.0 billion in degrees. Called "Marley an Enda then tunnel project." .


3.


Lancang River and Jinsha River watershed communication valley is near Markam Hill Qamdo graben include heat, altitude 3988 m, including heat from the proper county area air dam full of White Horse Village, get more than 3490 m of coastal uplift should dig a tunnel 30 meters of diameter 11 . .


Km to gongjue County love jade Township Xia village, outlet height 3446 m, water capacity 9000 m?/sec, a drop of 44 m tunnel here, you can build 3000 million kilowatts of power station, 150 million degrees is used.


Development of large copper and Gongjue Jiangda Yu Long gold, revitalize the economy of Tibet. Referred to as "including hot ~ Gongjue tunnel." .


4.


Jinsha River and Yalong River watershed communication valley is the hit Sichuan cho la Mo Temple donated music, altitude 3250 meters. Section wrong gift from white rural county elevation 3461 meters along the diameter of 31.62 meters in the tunnel to play eight kilometers to Ganzi. .


County fire the ditch, outlet height-3435 m, water capacity 10000 cubic meters/sec, you can use to build 200 metres drop 26 million kilowatts of power, over 100 million degrees. Known as "white ~ Ganzi tunnel workers.


Process. ".


5.


Yalong and Dadu River watershed communication valley is Luoke Ma Luo Kema ~ honda mountain valley, 3,500 meters above sea level. Elevation 3388 meters from the Luo Kema play along the diameter of 32.86 m to 6 km tunnel Sertar honda Tuen. .


Village outlet height 3373 meters, water capacity 10800 cubic meters/sec, you can use a drop of 15 meters built 80 million kilowatts of power, over 40 million degrees. Called "Lo Ke Ma ~ Onda tunnel project.


6. .


Dadu River and Yellow River watershed is a hair-covered grassland in southwestern edge of the mountains, at an elevation of wheat hilma 3700 m the Chairman Mao said "hit a hole in the Yangtze River water into the Yellow River". From Jimmy hilma along height.


3376 meters in diameter hit 33. .44-Meter tunnel 6 km to accept possession of leather Mary, outlet elevation is 3366 meters, over the water capacity of 11,180 cubic meters / second, water diversion into the Jia Qu, 48 km further north into the Yellow River flow can be. .


Use drop 10 meters built 60 million stem Watt power station, 30 billion kWh, wool, Cap turf provides energy. Known as "Jimmy format ~ Bhavnagar Tibetan Princess tunnel project.


Jia Qu as narrow and shallow flow of 11,180 cubic meters incompetent / s 200.6 billion cubic meters water into the Yellow River, while the grass cover to develop Mauer, but also the first to build a low dam opposition solitary Gap. .


Silt in the library, and then, using artificial blast of debris flow method, Qu, the Yellow River to the Ragga Gorge in front of about 200 m long 000 cubic meters of stone, the mouth of Yellow River ran down and Qu, heihe, Baihe, Jia song about 158.


Km of the river bed underwater blasting or dredging stirring, within one year 3.5 billion cubic meters of sediment can tumble to Jia Song of the Yellow River into the Yellow river mouth dropped below 3340 m, when the Yellow River water level down to 3366 meters the following . .


, And hair-covered meadows is 30 ~ 80 m of water fall, the grass will quickly discharged. At the same time, using 36-metre drop, you can build 10 million kilowatts, large hydro power 500 billion kWh.


South to North Water Diversion Project in Western China's basic line is: it migrated to the San Day (altitude 3498 m) reservoir dam construction, dam height 92 m, 3588 m, Yung high water, water to Bomi, over-water. .


Ridge (3566 m) access to eight beautiful village a frozen wrong Song Kang Yu song, to eight suxian summer village in the District of Central in nujiang; in summer in the area of rural village reach soo WA SCHOTT Mitwaba drop water Canyon Dam damming, improve water reservoir to 3546.


M, backwater over xabyaisamba, diversion tunnel through the watershed into the purple Enda Mali a song (altitude 3516 m), 40 km north flow to the injection of the Lancang River Caya Qamdo; then left bank tributary of the Lancang River dam construction koji Reservoir, obstruct. .


The high-water-3528 m, so that the water along the Yong Qu beiliu-enclosed hot and watershed (altitude 3516 m) along the naltrexone-Qu-Qu to gongjue County love jade Township Xia village East jinsha River flows. At this point, the water out of Tibet into four.


Sichuan; in hot mouth curved into the lower reaches of Jinsha natural dam in the Dunbar Valley, stop up to 3462 meters high water level, backwater into the white counties in Sichuan Province gift song flow 66 km to the northeast to the wrong white county ditch gift Branch Area , over eight kilometers tunnel watershed. .


Tunnel to the spark in Ganzi County ditch 22 km northeast of flow to Daikin Temple in Yalong River; in Ganzi, 20 km south of Grand Canyon Dam, wood-obstruct the high-water-3399 m, backwater flows East 50 km up water into the watershed, Shun.


River down, too zhehor to Luhuo into Xianshuihe; furnace LEI Hai-pull 3168 meters, construction of reservoir dams needed to make the water level rose to 3396 meters, return water flows eastward along the tributaries of the old while Ke Qu Niger River, in Romania Comau over the watershed to the honda, then along. .


Color quxiangdong beiliu 35 km into the upper reaches of the dadu River Ko (i.e. two estuaries); two estuaries 3088 meters of altitude, to the South of the estuary of the two male la Gorge dam construction, the water level to rise, 3383 m water along the River more Ko.


Guma northward into the leaf mar qu, water to Aba Charlie Temple, along the river over the watershed Maier Ma Ke heat tunnel into Jia Qu, northward into the Yellow River. .


In addition, because of the design from Ragga Gorge reservoir discharge flow of the Yellow River should not exceed 48 cubic meters/sec, diversion of yellow, large, not yellow, it must be something to be 500 million.


Cubic meters of water along the Yellow River down to the Loess Plateau, North China, western Liaoning and Erlianhaote regional water supply, withered by the build Daihai Liangcheng County of Inner Mongolia into the Sanggan, the Yongding River to Tianjin Beitang into the Bohai Sea, ensure that information on the Yellow River has flood disaster-free. .


1221 metres of altitude daihai, water area of 174 km2, with a height of 19 meters, depth of 20 million cubic metres, a height of up to 600 potential billion cubic meters. The remaining water from the river's Guide through the water along the Gorge.


Library, the Republican basin through the construction of 216 km west of daotanghe approved the diversion channel, the flow of 5,000 cubic meters per second into the Qinghai water. Diversion of Qinghai Lake, the water will reach 3226 meters above sea level, higher than the present. .


32 meters, water area extends to a height of 6000 square meters, total 2889 billion cubic meters, salinity, and reduce to 3 g/l to the Qaidam Basin (2679 m), the Tarim basin (1200 m).


Xining, Qinghai, Gansu Hexi Corridor, the Tengger Desert, the water supply Alex desert areas, drought in the Northwest can be discharged. .


"The value of the line" project.


North Atlantic line, low cost, short construction period, large water diversion, water quality is good, can fundamentally change the three northern regions of the arid desert land surface 21 may be expanded. .2 Million hectares, equivalent to the existing cultivated land in China 2. .2-Fold, from a fundamental solution to the problem of agricultural water in north China, and the eastern region to create conditions for the transfer of dense population. .


Big diversion project implementation to the Yellow River, and have a significant impact on the loess plateau. It can prevent soil erosion and silt washed river. When you reach the yellow water each year 680 million cubic metres or more, every lap.


Meters of sediment concentration from the current 160 kg to 15 kg, no river siltation, the Yellow River from the ground. Into "underground river '. Onishi Line South project implementation, will be on the development of the Northwest and North China..


Of 130 mineral resources, accelerate the development of regional economies, narrowing the gap in the Western economy, promoting national unity play an important role.


Line in the Atlantic water within the sparsely populated, relatively flat terrain, can make full use of existing gravity water tributaries, so the whole project may be long lines, although large quantities, but the difficulty is not large, is a real and more faster, better and socialist construction. .


VII. Zhu Xiao-bin: three rivers run through water diversion.


Over the Yangtze River in Yichang, in 1998 the largest flood flow 63,000 m3 / s, only the history of the flow, has resulted in extremely critical of the potential loss of tens of billions of dollars. Imagine if the peak flow. .


Quantity of 70000 cubic meters/sec or more this year, what will happen in the future if circumstances? greater flood and how to deal with? we can answer: dam heightening, farmland. But the value of tree planting, reduce soil and water flow.


Loss, need to "ten years the trees" side see markedly; heightening the dam is bound to rise in water level, water pressure increase, the greater potential risk, if once the breach or compelling flood losses are at least hundreds of billions? . .


China's Yunnan province, has three parallel to the River. One of the jinsha River. Jinsha River is the River, the Yangtze River zhengyuan ... basin has an area of 30 000 square kilometres or so. Summer and autumn.


Festival, the Tibetan Plateau snow and ice melting capacity, precipitation, the water import Jinsha River. Into the Yangtze River flood crest of the important part. Second, the Lancang River, Lancang Mekong River, said: three for the Nu River; Nu River Wei River Saar. .


Wen Liao. The Yangtze River, Mekong, Salween River, three have the same high elevation cradle, River with the same flow, and the interval between the last 30 kilometers, only for the wonders of the world.


First of all, needs to consider flood control of Yangtze River, Yangtze River flood diversion whom should be central to the upstream water adjustment and use can be divided into three procedures. .


1.1999, we can consider the implementation of the jinsha, Lancang River diversion project, to strive to reduce peak discharge in the Yangtze River for more than one-fifth of Yichang. Diqing Prefecture, Yunnan province, the second highest interval Jiang LAN.


Short, can the two river water level elevation, in the appropriate cross-sections or oblique dig dug canal (open channel or tunnel) to communicate Kim, Lan Liao II. Two rivers in central mountain range with the Department and the short distance between the water level elevation is similar. Zhongdian-laws of the state. .


Recent-if, a tributary of the jinsha River, and only the Lancang spacing 25 km, and with less. From here to dig through the Lancang River, jinsha River built the great gate blocking the water level to improve streaming may be more appropriate. LAN.


Cang downstream flood control of Yangtze River Mekong River Basin flood control and time differences. .


Dig dug by the artificial river gravel can directly to construction stopped River Dam gate. If time and resources permit, and the combination of the jinsha river hydroelectric power station, built to the adjacent River diversion. You can save a lot of money. Power station construction on the development of China's Western economic significance, while at the same time, instead of using the power of life energy as fuelwood, makes the surrounding inhabitants no longer deforestation, consciously protect vegetation.


The birthplace of the Jinsha River and Lancang River in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, spring and winter and less precipitation, less water, high altitude snow melt, gold, Lan Jiang, the flux two small, shallow river narrow, relatively easy. Propose to start construction in November,. .


Next may complete streaming works. This project in the Yangtze River in the rainy season, 15 days before the arrival of the jinsha River to River and Yangtze River diversion, ahead of lower and upper reaches of the Yangtze River water, reduce the flood of Dongting and Poyang Lake, to reduce the amount of pressure.


Small amount of sediment into the lake. Lan Jiang diversion gate from the Jinsha River to Yichang, the water flow is about ten days. Therefore, in order to advance flood as well. .


2. diversion project and diversion programme phase of convergence, giving priority to the implementation of the Western water transfer projects. Seamews. Originated in the Qinghai-Tibet plateau, LAN, and by the end of the industrial and agricultural pollution by sewage, water heavy water (deuterium and tritium) content is also very low, is ideal to clean natural river, this elegant water quality in the Mainland and the coastal cities are extremely difficult to find.


Proposed amendments to the Western Route program. Jin, Lan Jiang excavation channel through the second, then water in the Lancang-built gates and construction of power stations Lan Jiang, Lancang increase dry season water level of Yangtze River, so water can flow into the Lancang River. .


Jinsha River. Allocation of water for gold, Copeland, along the Western route into the Yellow River diversion project. Water channel excavation standard up to 5000 m3/sec, reconcile to the water and the Yellow River diversion jinsha River, making it count.


Northwestern and northern China regions and cities most serious water shortages. Annual runoff of the Yellow River due to small, so that is greater than the downstream siltation, erosion, river bed elevation each year, to create serious problems of the Yellow River flood control, the same. .


Along the yellow areas due to increased water consumption, yellow face turns inland. At present, China Bohai is the most polluted waters. Bohai is itself a semi-enclosed sea, yellow river runoff to a self-purification ability has a decisive impact.


Ring. If the Yellow River estuary amounted to 80 billion cubic meters of annual runoff and radial (a few of the estuary) into the sea, Bohai restore vitality once again become an important fishing ground. China has three major delta plain, the Yellow River, long. .


River, the Pearl River Delta, the Yellow River Delta, salinization, nor navigable rivers, workers, farmers, business, mainly because of the serious shortage of water. So-to-North water diversion project (revised water diversion project flow) and water.


Extremely important to the Yellow River flood. The West line of projects here, "Weng alignment." In 1959, a preliminary survey and investigation by the South expedition, elected Nu - Tao River and Nu River - the two options set the West. Length of two lines, respectively. .


2600 km and the need to build 3200 km 180 meters above the dam of six, namely nujiang of 180 m 630 m head Lancang phthalocyanine, 10 min 470 m in the ditch. Weng alignment is the water from the River Weng.


River water through the mountain range, across the Yalong, Dadu River, the Minjiang River, to the central Gansu Bailongjiang Dingxi, and then into the Yellow River from the ancestral experience, full range of 3,000 km long, about 100 billion cubic meters in water,. .


Full custom stream.


3. The Jinsha, Lancang and Nu Sanjiang through, free of the artificial water diversion and flood, and to build three hydroelectric power station uniform. .


North Eastern, Central, and Western project at run time, the Yangtze River water in the winter and will face depletion. East jinsha River, River, you can consider the two rivers and nu. At the end of the nu lamana (three from three families.


Rule states) River upstream of artificial excavation convergence Lancang River, Nu River and the construction of hydropower stations to intercept the water. Canal excavation so that the construction of the Nu River Hydropower Station is more economical. This station became one of the three River, water can be president. .


A provision for water and energy, but also to our Western energy supply and economic development to occur, and qualitative change may be made to the allies for the sale of electrical energy.


More importantly, if the Lancang River Mekong River is also simultaneously a larger flood, we can then divert part of the Nu River floods, and three small chance of river flooding simultaneously. The Jinsha, Lancang. .


The nu Jiang, and implemented through three-to-North water diversion project, about one-fifth of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River floods may act according to the will of the people, the River, Nu and the Yellow River diversion, greatly reducing the occurrence of peak above section of Yichang.


Opportunity to greatly reduce the pressure on the Yangtze River flood control. .


8, Mr. Zhang, XI: big tunnel on the Tibetan plateau.


Nanyang Institute of Chengdu Hi-tech researcher retirement, the age of 82-year-old Professor Zhang Shixi for decades Haoshouqiongjing, raised a large tunnel project in Tibet: 18 tunnels lead the Brahmaputra basin of water to make 8 million acres of desert oasis change, mining 60 billion tons of oil to build another "Middle East", an annual generation capacity 200 000 000 000 degrees, 200 million people for immigration. .


Yarlung zangbo River in the country up to 2038 km, Changjiang, "Tianhe", from the polar regions in the Northern plateau of outflow, at an altitude of 4700 m Tibet Dumas, internally called maquan River, true.


Counting the source and more here. Qushui county by the Ma River in Tibet is known as upstream. In this and the Lhasa River confluence, the River flows through Lhasa, Shannan, Nyingchi, mostly for water rapids, deep canyons, meandering off the snake's reach, from the Linzhi Sen. .


Linda turn their canyons of the world's first, and then turn to the South by motuo. River called the Brahmaputra, flows through India, Bangladesh, forming a rich and fertile alluvial plain, and finally into the Bay of Bengal.


Brahmaputra in our territory, the middle area, the average flow rate of 44 per second. .25 Cubic meters, the annual total of about 140 billion cubic meters of water, water reserves of 74.6 million kilowatts, second only dry the Yangtze River. Because of the terrain. .


Complex, and varied climate, living conditions, there is little used in the development and utilization, thus injecting the Bay of Bengal, wasted wealth of water resources, for unfortunately.


Professor Zhang Shixi envisaged in the "Big Dig project in Tibet", that is, upstream Yajiang Xigaze (Shigatse Lazi Ma Quan to formally called the Brahmaputra) and Xaitongmoin County, the land elevation. .


M-3836.


Construction of a reservoir, using closure means the Three Gorges, construction of high dams, backwater elevation up to 4200 meters. Then, by the Xietongmen the kara muran Reservoir to the Kunlun Mountains pass up to 780 kilometers of tunnels under the line, each from the 40. .


A shaft sinking kilometers and about 18 doors, shaft depth of 300 meters.


The water tunnel is 4350 meters elevation, water elevation of 4,000 meters, include as much generating capacity of 200 000 000 000 degrees 350 m gap. This tunnel and the shaft is at an altitude of 4,000 meters above the northern Tibetan plateau crossed, rolling water finally dried up water exports to the Tarim Basin in Xinjiang - an average elevation of 1,000 meters, namely, 3350 m gap. .


At the first crossing after the completion of the annual income you can make use of electricity and water bills, for the second, third, tunnels of the cost of the project.


As the use of the first tunnel as a fixed line, you can gradually works the second and third tunnels and tunnel just completed horizontal tunnel dug next to the transfer can be boring machine and personnel. .


It is expected that in the next 20 years ago, a total of three tunnels, the annual water volume of up to 300 billion cubic meters, installed capacity up to 4000 million kilowatts, a year 2000 billion kWh of electricity generation. In each tunnel outlet, you can use the Tarim basin Muran River river cascade hydropower stations built to take advantage of up to 3000 m high drop power generation.


As the largest tunnel project in Tibet are using advanced construction of the tunnel boring machine, cut the length of each task of working areas, most of the 20 km (each reverse cut), three years to complete, if the construction of the shaft and completion work time plus When completed in four years. .


Once successful, you can make with 800 acres in the Tarim basin oases, mining 60 billion tons of oil, the power 200 billion degrees, forming the new Western economic circle.


Ya river 140 billion cubic meters of one-fifth was cited after the Tarim Basin, eight million hectares of irrigated land desertification of severe drought, one stroke solve the 200 million population live food and employment problems, so that China's arable land. .


Area of a jump. Xinjiang Tarim basin area of 91 million sq km (including mountain). 56 000 km2 at the bottom of the basin, about 800 million acres, of which area of the Gobi desert and accounts for more than $ 70.


1 000 500 hectares. Center of the Tarim Basin is located in Eurasia, marine moisture is difficult to reach, only 50 mm annual rainfall, abundant sunshine, the number of sunshine for the more than 3000 hours, accumulated temperature in 4000 degrees Celsius, the annual evaporation is over. .


More than 2000 mm.


As the Tarim Basin in western Conglingxi, north Tianshan, Kunlun Mountains to the south for the tall barrier, only the lower eastern and northern Junggar Basin, the basin is the northwest wind blows all year round and northeasterly winds. Therefore, the Western. .


Hidden tunnels to enter the water after evaporation, irrigation, to blowing up to 700 m of the Kunlun mountains, only some of the water vapor to Qinghai, Gansu and Shaanxi, over most of the Tarim basin, when water vapor condense is reduced by rain.


The way the snow is still falling in the basin; lead to the water after the Brahmaputra basin of water in 30 years the total will reach 900 billion cubic meters after many, making it China's largest reservoir, that the vast basin and surrounding mountains . .


Also often affected by rain water. If you then use aircraft afforestation, sow a single Bell, the basin of the Gobi desert and the surrounding mountains, and will also be wearing new clothes, make green sleeping tens of millions of years, everything falls in the Tarim basin.


Then fit for human habitation on the Tarim Basin. Tarim subdivision and the North China Plain at the same latitude, the annual frost-free period of 200 days, if, after the introduction of the Brahmaputra water, reclaimed out, the annual two-cooked (now Xinjiang Science and Technology Commission to be..


The third building cultivation techniques), economic efficiency is not limited.


Second, the Tarim Basin is one of China's "super tanker" known as "the second Middle East." .


Now lives in Chengdu, a famous geologist Mr Samuel geo-mechanical theory, based on scientifically predict: "China's Tarim is one of the largest oil-circles, China's oil reserves in the world, over the Middle East. As early as the 1980s in the United States combined.


Investigation team for the investigation of the intersection when the Tarim Basin, at 26. .8 Million square kilometers of area, total storage of 297 ~ 585 million tons of oil, while the total area of the Tarim basin of 56 million square kilometers, about 30 million square kilometers. .


Yet, as a result, the entire basin area of petroleum reserves estimate when the theory of 600 million tons, worth a total of us $ 10 trillion. But in the vast desert mining of oil, we must first solve the "water".


The major problem, or else spend a lot of money, but also difficult to carry out large-scale mining. If you dug a large tunnel project in Tibet, the Brahmaputra-rich water into the Tarim Basin, the large-scale exploitation of oil and gas resources will be able to. .


A..


In addition, a large tunnel project completed in Tibet water, power generation, irrigation, the annual revenue 80 billion yuan electricity, water and 15 billion yuan. Use of drip and sprinkler irrigation, at least two million hectares of land available for farming, the annual income. .


Grain 200 tons, valued at $ 4000. In ten years later, the excess water to the river and the Inner Mongolia and other places to retrofit desertification, land and water area of the benefit will be half of the total land, you can.


The country each year from 256 billion yuan of economic losses. Ditch for the 1000 original will be put on the Loess Plateau myriad green new clothes, one stroke solve the 300 million people work and housing. Northwest's climate has greatly improved. Not only that,. .


The future of Tibet each year will receive billions of dollars in revenue, you can significantly improve the lives of the masses and the implementation of economic construction.


Concern for some experts, Zhang Shixi said: Tibet line near a large tunnel projects include Mani, two lakes, Austria Wa Chin, sand, Zhuobo day, Nyima, Tibet and more, on behalf of the sodium and other counties, is the North Tibet Plateau Tibetan intersection. .


Pass along, is also the channel southern Xinjiang, to the Great Lakes region, in the semi-arid region, no permafrost layer, this line is to avoid the Kekexili Mountain, East and West of the nyainqentanglha mountains and the tanggula mountains, mountain climbing, and. ..


Hill, so a large tunnel project in Tibet line, is to choose the most favorable terrain in the region and the higher temperature favorable conditions for construction. At present, foreign countries up to 2135 m depth of the tunnel maximum is between Switzerland to Italy. .


Rate Pu wheel railway tunnel, shaft and is the former Soviet Union ALPA-.


Xie million water diversion tunnel, 668 m deep shaft. Now the world's annual tunneling more than 1,000 km in length, Seikan tunnel in Japan after the completion of the Channel Tunnel only take 3 years to complete the three length 165. .


Km tunnel, while large tunnel project in Tibet than these two cross-harbour tunnel technical conditions better, easier. According to the current world and the rapid development of new technologies, the big crossing Tibet sinking all the technical issues are resolved.


Tibet is China's most sparsely population density provinces, due to environmental, social and historical development of transport and other reasons, Feng Fu's Ziranziyuan Kaifa utilization is low, the ecological environment 基本上 maintained Yuan health status, Er 成为. .


The planet is affected by human activities for a very small one, is called "environmental experts last unspoilt. Therefore, the construction of the "big tunnel project in Tibet", and not for the construction of large hydroelectric power stations in China and the many complex issues. Than other large.


Type projects may produce negative effects, Professor Chang further demonstrates the benefits of the project. First, no transfer of population; second, do not spend relocation; third, not submerged land; fourth, does not affect the ecological environment; fifth. .


Do not pollute the environment; the sixth, not induced seismicity; seventh, no sediment issues; the eighth, not construction cofferdam; the ninth, no bomb threats. Prof. Zhang has such a bad debts, according to the current Liangshan repair in Sichuan province.


Build hydropower unit, double and a half, dug earth Cost per cubic meter is 120 yuan, an increase to 300 yuan per cubic meter, per cubic meter of concrete lining puzzle 4000 dollars, increased to 10,000 yuan, that is, every tunnel. .


The cost is $ 400 m, such as completion of 3 tunnels, time is about 12 years, the cost is $ 2500 (300 million). After the completion of the annual tariff 800 billion water charges $ 15 billion, just three years.


To recover the full investment. .


At present, consists of dozens of experts, Professor of composition of the "Tibetan" big tunnel group has been established, although everything is paper, but they are active. According to Professor Zhang: led by his big tunnel projects in Tibet, the research team, have achieved initial progress, the plan has a lot of insight and expert's consent.


Back in the '50s, the South's concept, put forward by the first generation of leaders. Several times through the middle, the water power sector has done a lot of hard and meticulous work. 80 to 90 years since the Yellow River, and ecology. .


Worse, once again, to the North, the social agenda unleashed. We understand that there are 10 more influential of South-style water routes. Among them, the Ministry of water resources in the Eastern, Central, and Western line and Lin.


4 River west of a river diversion scheme, a lot of scientific investigation and field visits. Yellow River Water Resources Committee in the plateau field trips, exploration, even at the expense of comrades lives. Diversion route remaining, most is still. .


Imagination stage, still needs a lot of hard work, scientific evaluation. We have available a limited material, used as simple as possible, the popular language x line (1, Ministry of water resources in the Eastern, Central, and West line 3; second, Lin: IV.


River west of a river diversion; 3, Yellow River Water Resources Council, "Atlantic line"; 4, Chenzhuan You: Great Bend built a large power station; 5, Chenchuan You and others, four river into two lakes; 6, Yuan Jiazu, Guo Kai, who's "Atlantic Line "; 7, Bin Zhu effect: 3. .


River crossing water diversion; 8, Zhang XI: Qinghai-Tibet plateau, big tunnel) for a short description for the interest of readers to the North.


1, Ministry of Water Resources of the eastern, central, and west lines. .


China is a big shortage of water, and water distribution is extremely non-uniform, southern water, the water in the North. The country to seek "famine" City 400 meters, water-deficient areas particularly in the North and Northwest, seriously.


Northern influence and restrict the economic and social development. On this - the grim situation, the South - the idea of the ambitious water project for decades, after a large number of heavy and complicated on the basis of preliminary work, finally. .


Been put on the agenda. According to the total embodiment of the Yangtze River basin, the general pattern is divided into North, Central and East-West line, from the Yangtze River basin water diversion. Three lines complement each other, are necessary, but according to the national capacity to implement.


There first, after the method may vary. .


East line.


North Water Transfer Project in the Yangtze River in the Sanjiang camp as a starting point, the main line through the city of Yangzhou in Jiangsu Province, Huaiyin City, Suqian City, Xuzhou City, through the Lake, into the Shandong Province. Ning, Shandong section of the economy from the Nansi Lake and take the Yellow River Project, to wear. .


More West Texas LINQing, haste in Hebei, Cangzhou city, Hebei province, only after, "water" is a three-way, 2 channel flows into the North WA water ready, all the way to the end of the line to the East — Tianjin.


Back in the late 50s, Sulu provinces began to study Eastern program. In fact, North of North Water Transfer Project from 1961 to build the first stand up Jiangdu, lasted 35 years, has a considerable size. River north of Jiangsu province. .


To address the northern area of the province's agricultural irrigation and flood and drought and water projects by the end of the small valley, the Yangtze River, the Yangtze River water at camp along the river the huaihe River WINS in the history of the ancient sea of flood channel sink one Canal, uplink via.


Over Jiangdu station. Huaian station nine steps turn water stations, to be sent to Su, Lu Weishan Lake junction. Jiangsu Province, the North Water Diversion Project Water Diversion Projects on the scale means that the expansion of the expansion of pumping capacity. .


The entire East line key is located in the East, Dongping County in the solution of the mountain and river crossing between weishan. This requires at the end of the Yellow River, a massive rock cutting a Chief siphon 584 m..


Hole. After years of geological exploration, excavation of the Yellow River pilot hole has been successful, this 2.6 meters high. 2.9 meters wide and the Yellow River tunnel marks: the key technology transfer project eastern problem has been resolved. .


Generally speaking, the South is the use of the original Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, River in Jiangsu Yangtze River to the North, on the basis of the progressive use of pumps, pumping water through the four yellow beiliu water sent to Tianjin. The main settlement of Jiangsu, Shandong, Hebei, Tianjin, etc..


Provincial and municipal water shortages. The advantage is to harness, coastal engineering, based on full use of existing water conservancy projects, can play drought, flood, power generation, irrigation and navigation benefits, and the investment intensity of small and easy installments. .


Implemented. According to experts, the East line sensitive problem is water through the regional water pollution and multistage pump run project management issues.


Transfer program. .


Diversion programmes Hubei Danjiangkou reservoir of water pass pingdingshan Nanyang, Henan province, Zhengzhou, jiaozuo, Xinxiang Hebi, Anyang, and the Hebei Handan, xingtai. Shijiazhuang, Baoding City has always been to Beijing and Tianjin.


The initial idea is to solve the city along the production and living water. Located between the mountains and reservoir, early 50's was planning for the South of the water project. The project started in September 1958, comes just as the country. .


Three-year economic difficulty, thereupon decided to downsize, they formed today's status quo: reservoir dam crest height 162 m (design dam Crest elevation 175 meters, the total capacity of 210 million vertical metres (design capacity 330 billion cubic meters.


M). There are three water diversion schemes midline, the key is how. .


Make adjustments to the source project. Programme a dam water, Danjiangkou reservoir dam and water canal engineering construction; the second is added after the first water diversion dam, built the main canal once; third, the first water followed by a dam, the main stages of construction.


Set. Recently recommended diversion program, the first program, from the Danjiangkou dam raise project, Hanjiang River Water Transfer Project works and compensation of three parts. General idea is heightening Danjiangkou dam and creation of new main canal along. .


Taihang mountains yueliang diversion from the stream, Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Henan, serious water shortages. The big advantage is in the middle of good water quality, water quality in the area up to 1, surface water and sufficient .means; the main Canal.


Higher elevation Danjiangkou Reservoir to Beijing over 100 meters, can diversion gravity, after completion of the project, easy to manage. Should consider is Danjiangkou Reservoir Dam and Reservoir Resettlement 220,000 investment in a huge national commitment difficult. .


Subject, and reservoir dam will affect the Han River shipping and full utilization of water resources.


West Line program. .


Diversion project mainly from the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and tributaries Tongtian Yalong River. Dadu River diversion in three places. Its a fin from the Yalong river close to dry Ma, artesian water hub to exactly to get the Yellow River tributaries, and the other from Tongtian.


Construction of gravity near the hub with additional water to the Yalong River, to the Yellow River tributary just Jinong. The three-foot timber from the upper reaches of the River Hill Ga oblique hub built into the Yellow River tributaries Jia Qu pumping. .


The Yangtze River and Yellow River between Bayan Har barrier; the Yellow River Yangtze River above the 80 ~ 450 meters, water diversion project required Tsukuba High Dam backwater or distriet and excavation long tunnel through the Bayan Har mountains. Water way since the flow and water are two, no matter which way taken to building 200 meters of the dam and excavation 100 km long tunnel.


West Line of the main settlement blue, Gansu, Shaanxi, Ningxia, Inner Mongolia and other provinces of the water shortage. Western Water District deserted, no water pollution, water diversion and the shortest distance. But also the most difficult projects, mainly located in the Green Water Division. .


Tibetan plateau, 3000 ~ 5000 meters, Alpine, the natural environment is bad, but here it is the most complex geological structure of one of the regions.


Second, Lin Yishan: Four River west of a river diversion. .


Lin's great Western route programme starting from nu 3800 ~ 3900 m elevation dam, water year 150 ~ 200 billion cubic meters. Enter the diversion to the East, over Lancang River at 3800 meters above sea level in qamdo dam construction, adjustable 80 billion cubic meters of water. Anger, the two rivers generally tune Copeland 250 billion cubic meters.


East to play in these two reservoirs of a water diversion tunnel to a tributary of the Jinsha River (in the west of Yushu), resulting in over a watershed, the water flow near Yushu. Dam site here. Yushu is not flooded water, the reservoir storage lot. .


Adjustable jinsha River and its tributaries of 180 billion cubic meters of water. This anger, Copeland, gold Sanjiang adjustable total 430 billion cubic meters of water. Further East is the watershed Yalong River than much of the jinsha River and steep, too short, this is bad.


Har Mountains watershed. Ganzi above the dam in the reservoir elevation is not more than 3700 meters, can be more than 130 billion cubic water transfer. Height of 100 tens of meters, not more than 200 meters. These four river to water transfer 50 billion cubic meters total. .


Hit by the North East tunnel, water will flow into the dadu River Valley, you can then transfer billions more than four square water; a river River approximately 60 billion square water diversion.


200-300 meters in the dam near the dam repair, and hit 27 km tunnel will bring water to the Yellow River. Ascend from the red of the original counties (3,500 meters) into the Yellow River tributary of the Heihe. .


This diversion routes total water near 800 meters long, auto-flow and water to flow. Artesian water volume is about 600-700 billion cubic meters. The programme is mainly.


Water to the west, only the Hexi Corridor can exploit it to the approximately 3,000 acres, irrigation efficiency is very good. At the same time, many of the Yellow River have been built power plants, such as Longyangxia, Liujiaxia, Lijiaxia and so on, have been built dam. .


Heightening. These places have increased, as long as the water without investment, you can increase the power output. Then to the West from longyang near water, direct the Taklimakan desert. In other words, the extension of this line can be $ 100 lap.


Meters of water to China's largest desert. This requires large-scale transformation in the Taklamakan Desert, the creation of a basic water conditions. .


Third, the "great huangwei West".


Onishi overall concept of water diversion work in accordance with the original arrangements, Ministry of Water Resources Yellow River Conservancy Committee will be conducting North Water Transfer Project planning and follow-up water is also a preliminary study the Nu River. Lancang River Diversion, the latter extended to the formation of the Brahmaputra diversion program in Western China. .


Great West line overall conception of the preliminary study for the ongoing planning of water diversion project, from the river's flow of Tianhe, yalongjiang, dadu 200 billion cubic meters of water, big West of a line.


Components. Diversion of Yangtze tributaries start, and then extended to from the Lancang River, Nu River water diversion, and then extended to the water diversion from the Brahmaputra, which formed from the Tongtian, Yalong, Dadu River, the Lancang River, Nu River, it migrated. .


River six rivers of great Western route programme. According to the distribution of water in rivers, development conditions, research work, great Western route preliminary consideration is divided into three periods. Adjacent to the Yellow River, the development and construction of a relatively good condition.


, And is currently being planned Tongtian, Yalong, Dadu River water diversion project to reality the first phase. Project is from the fifties and sixties of the Atlantic reduced the formation of water diversion, Water Resources Yellow River Conservancy Committee, has been working for 40 years. .


For the many years of work, accumulated a large number of base data through in-depth and detailed analysis of the arguments put forward by the water suitable, appropriate, engineering project scale, in the spirit of the first programme for small and large, after easier, first after the close.


Far, and explore the experience of the principle of phased development, water diversion to the Atlantic, under the macro layout, pay close attention to the completion of planning, development programs by request in advance, the total water diversion in the Atlantic program can be implemented first. And the Yellow River. .


Far, the complex geological conditions, Alpine. Underlying job thicker nujiang, Lancang River water vision for the second phase of the project, will be further away, the more difficult the Yarlung zangbo river water vision for the third phase of the project.


The first phase water transfer 20 billion cubic meters, has more in-depth planning work, according to a fuller volume and price level in 1995, estimated total investment of 156.6 billion yuan of static ~ 210 billion yuan. .


According to the local geography, second phase of the project is the first phase of the project, the third phase of the project is the second more difficult. Estimated investment only in accordance with the first phase of the project estimation of investment, the second in 200 billion cubic meters of water.


Meters, the static investment of about 240 billion yuan; the third phase water transfer 20 billion cubic meters, the static investment of about 300 billion yuan. Water transfer 60 billion cubic meters, 7000 ~ 750 billion yuan of static investment. .


Great Western route to land, mineral resources, the promotion of industrial and agricultural production, was a great value for money, only to implement the first phase of the project, from the Tongtian, yalongjiang, dadu 200 billion cubic meters of water, increase the power of the Yellow River.


Output of 5.62 million kilowatts, 50.1 billion additional degree of power. Availability of urban life, floods and industrial water supply benefits, agricultural irrigation, power generation efficiency, according to the different water programs, in general, the tone of one cubic meter of water will be given. .


Net benefit of $ 2 ~ 4. Conducive to the growth of plants and vegetation, vegetation coverage increased to ecological and environmental improvement; improves the loess plateau of production and living environment, promote soil conservation: effectively curb.


The development of land desertification, natural disasters can be reduced. Increased vegetation cover, can be sand-fixing, adjusting air humidity, greatly reduce the occurrence of natural disasters, the frequency and intensity; increased river runoff, can improve the Lower Yellow River was. .


Of sediment transport capacity, improving the water environment; to solve the problem of the Yellow River, the improvement of the ecological environment of the Yellow River.


4, Chen Chuanyou: Great Bend built a large power station. .


If there is a the world's largest hydroelectric power station, it is located in China's zangbo (hereinafter yajiang) downstream corner piece of the pie to MILIN County Dzong back to collapse or East. In accordance with the following hydrological stations upstream slave.


Annual average flow of 1,830 cubic meters per second, two points straight away from the topography of 2250 ~ 2280 m total gap, about 40 million kilowatts installed capacity is more than double China's Three Gorges Dam. If the annual power generation hours to five. .


Thousands, annual energy output of up to two thousand million degrees. In order to resolve the difference of height, first turn the Yarlung zangbo Grand hydropower development and utilization of electricity from near and far, according to the needs and possibilities, the "River" of water to enter the altitude plane. WONG.


River upstream Zhaling and Eling. Through the "lakes" after the anti-regulation, respectively, into the Yellow River, the Qaidam and even the Tarim basins. In the "lakes" west, east to the water course, also be considered. .


1500 to 2000 meters of terrain, several large hydropower station, increase the proportion of savings in the Northwest of hydropower, to improve the atmosphere of coal. This is our country and the world's largest pumped storage power station. Early on, big money.


Corner station intended to be 45 billion cubic meters of water 400 to generate electricity, one third of the electricity used for water Yajiang middle, head for the less than 1000 meters, provide 15 billion cubic meters of water; ninth of electricity used Jinsha River. .


Lift, lift 500 meters above sea level, approximately 100 billion cubic meters of water; one-third of the electricity used for water pumping, Nu, lancangjiang, lift 700 ~ 800 m, about 150 billion cubic meters of water; nine second power used to.


Supply of local and South Asian countries to promote economic development in Tibet and neighboring countries. .


5 chuanyou CHAN: four rivers in Hunan and Hubei provinces.


Yellow River to bring large areas of Henan and Shandong Provinces in great disaster: the two provinces cited about 3000 mu of farmland irrigated by the waters of the Yellow River, drying time is the growing season, In case of drought, resulting in irrigated production cut or absolute. .


The Yellow River to the river and the Bohai Sea region environmental impacts are multifaceted, multi-level, and in the future. Such as disconnection reduces the Bohai Sea food sources, will inevitably lead to changes in biological populations; stop changing the channel section,.


Adverse flood control, water quality deteriorated. It is worth mentioning that drying significantly affect the development of the Yellow River Delta and the normal operation of those large projects, which is not conducive to water the region's economic development. Moreover, the Yellow River. .


Not only is the Yellow River, and its relationship to the Yellow River basin, Northern and national socio-economic sustainable development. Yellow River upstream from the Tibetan plateau, there are two Great Lakes have been connected, namely zhalin Lake and ngoring Lake.


(Hereinafter referred to as lakes), both total surface area of 1137 square kilometers, 15.47 billion cubic meters water. Two lakes south of distribution of the famous "four river", from near and far for the Jinsha River, Lancang River. Nu. .


Yarlung zangbo River. The "river water", the exploitation of the rich. Which near JinShaJiang Zhijia 3990 m above sea level, the catchment area of 12.5 million sq km, average water 99.3 billion cubic meters, multi-year flat.


All flow of about 300 cubic meters per second, the horizontal distance from the two lakes is only 100 km away. Between the two sources and running home less than 4600 m elevation watershed dumb. If you provide power, it could be near the Jinsha River running home to water extraction. .


Dumb mouth elevation (pumping head depending on the height of the control engineering), and then enter the flow and Hunan, Hubei and Hunan counter after recharge yellow.


6, Yuan Jiazu, Guo Kai, who's "Atlantic line." .


Tibet Autonomous Region is the main break the Qinghai-Tibet plateau, with its gentle plateau in the North and many valleys of plain, where the agricultural area. Valley on the South Eastern Himalayan mountain, is is the Hengduan Mountains in the North East of Yin Canyon area, abundant rainfall, where the topography and climate, making it the Yellow River. The Yangtze River, the birthplace of the Lancang and nu.


If the high altitude of 3,500 meters to raise dam closure line, the main Brahmaputra River to water transfer 30 billion cubic meters, and its four tributaries to water transfer 60 billion cubic meters (or pull on the Moon River 5 billion cubic meters. Nyang Li River 15 billion ..


Square meters. Yigong zangbo River 200 billion cubic meters. Chaparron zangbo River 200 billion cubic meters); nu 230 area M3; River and 150 billion cubic meters; 11 southern South the dumb outlet can be processed and the Himalaya.


Northern foot of Mt communication, exchange of people south of the new moon Brahmaputra meters (Shuo Ma Beach to Millington) great drainage, water transfer 60 billion cubic meters can be. Total Diversion 188 billion cubic meters in Tibet can account for the total water resources of Tibet 44. .9%, Accounting. .


45.3% yield. Sichuan GSR adjustable: 100 billion cubic meters of water. Yalong River 50 billion cubic meters, dadu 20 billion cubic meters, two provinces (autonomous regions) for a total of 2050 billion cubic meters of water.


From the topographical point of view, wet terrain southwest region of Northwest and North China than in high water level across the board by the elevation of 3578 meters above sea level gradually fell to the Yellow River in Heyuan, 3366 m (3402 m above sea level, Heyuan, for the development of Maule Gallant..


, Where you can dig down 36 meters), formed from South to North, in favor of interregional can all flowing water conditions. From the river of sangri (3489 meters above sea level) to the linear distance of the Yellow River to 760 public.


Where, according to 3,500 meters above sea level contour calculation, distance is about 1786 years, in the interval of five rivers, the rivers are flat valley between (or dumb) thin mountain, in order to communicate with neighboring water systems above the elevation of the . .


3578 m or lower than the 3400 meters of Canyon, adopt modern seismic technology play double tunnel; the altitude of 3400 ~ 3558 m Canyon, with directional nuclear explosion technology to build top 150 metres of flexible high water reservoir, and jamming.


Bit, to artesian water. .


In addition, because of the design from Ragga Gorge reservoir discharge flow of the Yellow River should not exceed 48 cubic meters/sec, diversion of yellow, large, not yellow, it must be something to be 500 billion cubic meters of water with yellow.


River down to the Loess Plateau, North China. Erenhot areas in western Liaoning and flood regulation and storage by the people of Inner Mongolia Sanggan Daihai Liangcheng County, Yongding River to Tianjin Beitang into the Bohai Sea, ensure that no information on the Yellow River has flood disaster. Daihai elevation. .


1221 m, water area of 174 km2, with a height of 19 meters, depth of 20 million cubic metres, a height of up to 600 potential billion cubic meters. The remaining water from the river's Guide through the Ragga Gorge reservoir, Republican.


Basin, 216 kilometers west of daotanghe approved the construction of diversion canal, the flow of 5,000 cubic meters per second into the Qinghai water. Diversion of Qinghai Lake, the water surface elevation will reach 3226 meters, 32 meters higher than now, water. .


Area extends to a height of 6000 square meters, total 2889 billion cubic meters, salinity, and reduce to 3 g/l to the Qaidam Basin, the Tarim basin, Qinghai, Gansu Hexi corridor, Tengger Desert.


Desert, water supply Alex desert areas, drought in the Northwest can be discharged. Line in the Atlantic water within the sparsely populated, relatively flat terrain, can make full use of existing gravity water tributaries, so although the project line. .


Long, although large quantities, but the difficulty is not large, it is a real number, fast, good, province of Socialist construction.


7. .


Zhu Xiao-bin:, rivers run through water diversion.


Over the Yangtze River in Yichang,. .


1998 flood maximum flow 63000 cubic meters/sec, only in the history of the upper flow, has resulted in a split second, lose billions. Imagine if peak flow meters/70000.


Seconds or more, what will happen this year, the situation? In case of more flooding in the future, how disposed of? We can answer: heightening the dam reinforcement, planting trees. However, afforestation, reduce soil erosion, require "years of the trees," side view was. .


-Activity; raising the water level of dam will result in increased pressure to increase, the greater danger lurks the breach or the loss of a compelling diversion, more than $?.


First of all, needs to consider flood control of Yangtze River, Yangtze River flood diversion whom should be central to the upstream water adjustment and use can be divided into three procedures. .


1. in 1999, we can consider the implementation of the jinsha, Lancang River diversion project, to strive to reduce peak discharge in the Yangtze River for more than one-fifth of Yichang. Diqing Prefecture, Yunnan province, Copeland, the shortest interval between two rivers, two rivers-elevation, in the appropriate section of horizontal drilling or excavation was the artificial River (by channel or tunnel) communication gold, LAN rivers.


2. Diversion works and programs of the South West line interface, giving priority to the implementation of the Western Route Water Diversion Project. Must not let opportunities outsiders field. Originated in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of gold, Lan water, were not agricultural and industrial and sewage pollution, water, heavy water. .


(Including tritium and deuterium) content is also very low, is ideal to clean natural river, this elegant water quality in the Mainland and the coastal cities are extremely difficult to find. Proposed amendments to the diversion program. Gold, Copeland was the second excavation of the River through the River.


, Then water in the Lancang-built gates and construction of power stations Lan Jiang, the Yangtze water level in dry season to improve the Lancang River, Lancang River water can be made into the Jinsha River. Deployment of gold, Lan water, along the west line into the Yellow River water diversion project. Diversion channel to open. .


Digging up to 5000 m? standard/SEC, reconcile to the water and the Yellow River diversion jinsha River, making it count. Here in the West as "Weng alignment." In 1959, North expedition after preliminary survey, selected.


Out of Yao River and Nu Nu a certain West two programs. Length of two lines were 2600 km and 3200 km, need to construct six dams over 180 meters, 180 meters that the Nu River in Sabu, Lancang Qing. .


Head of 630 m, 氓 River ten mile ditch 470 m. Weng alignment is the water from the mouth of the jinsha River Weng, diversion through the Hengduan Mountains, crossing ya PI River, dadu, bailong dingxi Prefecture in the central part of the Gansu province and then by the Yellow River, the River into the calendar.


Full range of 3,000 kilometers long, about 100 billion cubic meters in water, the whole gravity. .


8, Mr. Zhang, XI: big tunnel on the Tibetan plateau.


Nanyang Institute of Chengdu Hi-tech researcher retirement, the age of 82-year-old Professor Zhang Shixi for decades Haoshouqiongjing, raised a large tunnel project in Tibet: 18 tunnels have been cited the Brahmaputra basin of water to make 800 million. .


Acres of Desert Oasis, mining and petroleum 600 million tons, and a "Middle East", the year 2000 billion kWh electricity generation for 200 million migrants. Yarlung zangbo River in the country up to 2038 km, in the country.


, The middle area, the average flow of 44.25 cubic meters per second, the annual total of about 140 billion cubic meters of water, water reserves of 74.6 million kilowatts, second only to the Yangtze River. .


Zhang XI Professor envisaged "Tibet" big tunnel project is used upstream xigaze (Jemaa River to Shigatse by lazi official said after the Yarlung Tsangpo) xaitongmoin County, where the altitude is-3836.


Construction of a reservoir, using closure means the Three Gorges, construction of high dams, backwater elevation up to 4200 meters. Then, by the Xietongmen the kara muran Reservoir to the Kunlun Mountains pass up to 780 kilometers of tunnels under the line, each from the 40. .


Shaft sinking a kilometre, there were about 18 doors, shaft depth of 300 meters. Tunnel inlet elevation-4350 m, water elevation to 4000 m, including the generating capacity of 2000 billion kWh of 350 m..


Difference. This tunnel and the shaft is at an altitude of 4,000 meters above the northern Tibetan plateau crossed, rolling water finally dried up water exports to the Tarim Basin in Xinjiang - an average elevation of 1,000 meters, namely, 3350 m gap. .


At the first crossing after the completion of the annual income you can make use of electricity and water bills, for the second, third, tunnels of the cost of the project.


As the use of the first tunnel as a fixed line, you can gradually works the second and third tunnels and tunnel just completed horizontal tunnel dug next to the transfer can be boring machine and personnel. 20 years is expected in the next century. .


Before completion of the three tunnels, the annual water volume of up to 300 billion cubic meters, installed capacity up to 4000 million kilowatts, a year 2000 billion kWh of electricity generation. In each tunnel outlet, you can take advantage of the Tarim basin in Kazan Lamy.


Blue River middle reaches of the river cascade hydropower stations built to take advantage of up to 3,000 meters high water fall electricity. As the largest tunnel project in Tibet are using advanced construction of the tunnel boring machine, the progress of the various operational areas of the excavation task. .


Most of the 20 km (their reverse cutting), three years to complete, if the construction of the shaft and the proposed project time plus, when you can finish in four years.


If successful, could have 8 million mu Tarim Basin oasis, mining 60 billion tons of oil, the annual power generation capacity of 200 million degrees, the formation of new "Western economic circle." As the Tarim Basin in western Conglingxi, north Tianshan Mountains, south. .


High barrier for the Kunlun mountains, Eastern and Northern karamy basin in the lower basin is a perennial blows dust bunnies and northeasterly winds. Therefore, the big crossing to enter Tibet, through irrigation after evaporation to blowing up to 7 000 metres.


Kunlun Mountains, only some of the water vapor blowing Shaanxi Gansu Qinghai area, Tarim Basin, over most of the water vapor condenses when the case of cold, rain and snow will be a way to still fall within the basin; lead to the Brahmaputra in the water, the basin's total . .


Water in 30 years will be $ 90 billion cubic meters, making it the largest reservoir in China, the vast basin and surrounding area will often affected by rain water. If you then use the aircraft for afforestation, planted, basin.


To the desert and Gobi, and the surrounding mountains, will also be put on the green new clothes, so that thousands of years sleeping all embodied the optimism of the Tarim Basin, Tarim Basin at that time was suitable for human habitation. Tarim and North China Plain. .


The same latitude, annual frost-free period in 200 days, if the Yarlung zangbo river water, land, and two crops a year (now three in science and Technology Commission proposed making cultivation techniques), economic efficiency is not limited.


In addition, Tibet large water tunnel project is completed. Power generation, irrigation, the annual revenue 80 billion yuan electricity, water and 15 billion yuan. Use of drip and sprinkler irrigation, at least two million hectares of land available for farming, the annual 200 million tons of grain received,. .


Value of 4000 billion. In ten years later, the excess water to the river and the Inner Mongolia and other places to retrofit desertification, land and water area of the benefit will be half of the total land, you can make free countries every year.


By 256 billion yuan of economic losses. Ditch for the 1000 original will be put on the Loess Plateau myriad green new clothes, one stroke solve the 300 million people work and housing. Northwest's climate has greatly improved. Not only that, the future of Tibet every year. .


Will receive billions of dollars in revenue, you can significantly improve the lives of the masses and the implementation of economic development plans. In response to the concerns of some experts, Zhang XI said Tibet big tunnel lines include Armani, Twin Lakes, Austria.


Eva Chin, sand, Zhuobo day, Nyima, Tibet and more, on behalf of the sodium and other counties, northern Tibet Tibetan is the main traffic channel is also in southern Xinjiang, the Great Lakes region, semi-arid regions, permafrost-free The line is available to avoid the east. .


You can mount sirik. Tanggula mountains and to the West of Ukraine nyainqentanglha mountains and Dresden mountain, Hill and, therefore, the big crossing Tibet line, is to choose the most favourable terrain and higher temperatures to Shi.


Work. Currently, foreign tunnel at a depth of 2135 meters of the largest in Switzerland to Italy, the rate between the general round of the railway tunnel, shaft, most of the former Soviet Union arpa - Xie million water diversion tunnel, 668 m deep shaft. Now in the world. .


Each year, the length of tunnel up to 1 000 km above black letters in Japan after completion of the tunnel, the channel tunnel only spent 3 years to complete the 3 blocks with a total length of 165 km tunnel, while large tunnel project in Tibet than these two undersea tunnel.


Road conditions are good the technology is easier construction. Based on the current rapid development of new technologies in the world, dug a large tunnel project in Tibet all the technical problems can be solved. The density of population in Tibet is the most sparsely provinces, because of the environment. .


Transport and social history, rich in natural resources utilization level is very low, ecological environment basically maintained the original status and become Earth human pollution is extremely small, was hailed as environmental experts.


"Last piece of pure land." Therefore, the construction of the "big tunnel project in Tibet", not the construction of large hydropower stations in China many complex issues. Other than the large-scale projects may produce negative effects. Professor Chang further proves the. .


Engineering benefits. First, no transfer of population; the second, not flower placement fees; thirdly, not inundated arable land; fourth, without affecting the environment; fifth, do not pollute the environment; the sixth, not induced seismicity; seventh, no question of sediment accumulation.


Title; eighth, not the construction of high cofferdam; ninth, no bomb threats. Professor Chang further calculations such an account, based on current construction of hydropower stations in Sichuan Liangshan Autonomous Prefecture, unit, double and a half, cut each cubic meter earth. .


Cost for 120 Yuan, an increase of $ 300 per m3, concrete masonry substrate for $ 4000 per cubic metre, an increase of $, that is, the cost per meter tunnel to $ 400, such as completion of 3 tunnels, time is about 12 years.


A cost of 250 billion yuan (300 billion). After the completion of 80 billion yuan annual income electricity, water and 15 billion yuan, only three years to recover the full investment. .


(Excerpted from the sanjiu news network "20000619).


This is the November 28, 1985, when he was secretary of the Guizhou Provincial Party Committee with Comrade Hu Jintao addressed to Guizhou University, 85 students applied mathematics class letter. .




Written by the United States is not comprehensive, but the authors think that the nature of these cases is to reflect some of the essence of things, the author's understanding of the United States is: this is a must-see with, and cannot see the Kingdom.


Home, but remember that if not backed by the strength and self-confidence is never do, because at least the history that ended today: never allow the United States fear the only "power" word. Yes, it has been a philanthropist side. .


But more than the other side of piracy, it's all the core idea is this: the laws of the United States (rules) of the above international law on everything (the rules); US interests above all others on the international interest.


The stylish modern times by saying: This is a before criminal records have been many criminals; greater in the present may still be a smart cunning dressed IQ of premeditated criminals; or later or .... .


To avoid arousing suspicion, and shouts no mouth and I will do my best to less lift lift and the United States has the ideology of national examples.


We first look at the United States resume. The United States is from? Is not an introverted, self-security, duty, rules of God? . .


It not only has no!, before birth, a history of bad "," but also after the crime.


It was almost from the beginning to the growth of birth is always mixed with the "evil" word. .


As a very thin, approximately.


300 years ago is called the Central Grew Saxon descendants, for breach of discipline and family rules and regulations go to North America, but it inherited the ancestral nature of shameless cruelty, driven tread kill Indians and treating them down his legs account for the initial years. .


And only the "13 block —-colonial", later even riding with stepped on the Indians almost destroyed, but also the Mexicans, Chase ... several years after being packed South East PA West North expansion accounts last covers "block-51.


- Colony "was..


1620, September 6, 120.


British Pilgrims left Plymouth, England. After two months of sea adventures, at the end of November to reach the American continent, Irvine, race. Because of insufficient preparation, there are nearly half of these pilgrims died that winter. .


Days of the cold, hunger and disease. Proper disaster looming new immigrants, the kind of native American Indians held out her hand, teach them to adapt to sowing and harvesting, and the environment. In order to thank God Almighty and Indian.


The selfless help of people. (Since December 13, 1621 began three days, new immigrants and indigenous who enjoy meeting a carnival, there has continued to this day from Thanksgiving). .


The United States is not a peace, quietness and comfort, this report, the primary rules?.


If history really like this as a natural extension of their own if the truth can live in peace with each other, courtesy, year after year to celebrate Thanksgiving, we then ground among men, and win something! But the Indians are looking good to go. .


The eye, because of the Yonge Gruber Saxons bones predatory, aggressive and they were devout Christian's strong exclusive, so that these later, new immigrants, while Thanksgiving started to Indians as long as the blood of more than 100 years.


Fishy killing! "Barbarous, bloody, ruthless" to describe this process it can be said to be a realistic image. To the 1776 American, there. .


More than 90 per cent of Indians from the generation reproduction of living on the land of the lost permanently. Now, only the original Indians more States have today's so-called "reservations" on their own.


(96% of Americans claim to be Christians, they are now Thanksgiving, thank God, of course, no lack of devotion to God in gratitude, in particular thanks to his creation of a "stupid" Indians, for his tacit approval of their Indians do everything, for he has blessed Americans bumper harvest, to ask questions. This is the God and his favorite in the United States subjects!). .


History: the United States.


Revolution in the history of American independence, the first president of the United States, Washington, the brilliant founders are people of the world Zeng dumping. Recently, however, a man named F. Americans leaves Jennings wrote a book: "the creation of the United States", put the head of the American Revolution and Washington, to erase all light, and thus also out of a hard and true history. .


This in particular in the "preface" spots cannot give the children read (as the image of God, General Washington, stimulate pure innocence) book, what to write about what things?.


It uses a lot of historical data to tell people: that American war of independence, what at first is not to democracy and freedom, but simply a large number of British politicians and business persons who have close ties, the Tate's pull, large slave trafficking. .


Child, smuggling, or because the master was informed that the United Kingdom of certain legal formulation will be detrimental to them, or because of their commercial activities in many violations will be investigated, and so on, to begin their uprising against the British ".."


Later, the founding fathers such as Washington because he was illegally seized the more than 20,000 acres of land; Franklin is the result of the British Government has just promulgated a law, it will not revalue the land he owns; other open. .


Countries have fathers of the United Kingdom in certain new legal limits their slave profits "rose revolution". These revolutionaries against the British, the motivation is to maintain its own substantial damage to property and interests. So successful in the revolution.


After independence, they are in a very long time, the only "democracy, freedom," limited to the United States within the framework of white gold, but it is not for Indians and blacks. Even in "democracy, freedom" under the guise of. .


The slave trade's "business" also more prosperous. Although known as a democracy (the United Kingdom also have a number of democracy) but this is actually just like the ancient Roman Republic as a "slave of democracy", though.


With the council, but that is ancient Rome's "aristocratic homes" only. .


The creation of the United States is not entirely is to deny that gradually till today there are more sophisticated internal democracy in the United States, and just want to tell people that some good things later, on the occasion of the opening, not necessarily the beginning with what a great, noble and sacred. But we should be able to read this book to?.


That is: when the current regime of a policy and law, would impede or prejudice the large number already have huge vested interests of wealth, these vested interests will be upheld and supported subvert the regime, or even,. .


They will also be launching the "revolution". There is more important: these vested relies on its own wealth, then really have the power to launch or advance to the current regime of the "revolution"! only then did like what democracy, freedom and justice.


And other interest groups can not stop the atrocities. Until a regime entirely by a large number already have huge vested interests of wealth and stability of the master that it can exist. .


The United States is not the peace and neutrality? or just surface "hegemony" and not "harm"? it is not just in small animal "Bully" invite, it is forced to fight back, self-defence?.


No! No way, it only cares about its own interests in addition to not care about other things, the interests of. The elephant always based on their interests and needs to try to create "passive self-defense against" the. .


First of all to say has never been a country invaded the United States with the exception of the United States of North-South civil war outside the local community has never been a war.


Here I have to say, some people writing these articles for some purposes would often prefer to swallow much he knows, without ever told people what omitted. This is a common problem with the text they write. Precisely this type of problems often not only written the text so that they could not conceal the true features exposed, which subsequently makes more comprehensive understanding of the facts of the people to reflect upon what they intended to write the text. .


I want to ask is: why is this scene? coincidence?.


Why do all "provoke" the United States issued the "anger" of the cause, and whom later carried out to the "self-defense", followed led to the U.S. "justice" to the irresistible "rampage", which is almost all the causes and effects is forever, without exception, all occurred in "other people's home" into it? . .


The United States is involved in a "neutral"? I said: no, never.


Well, see how my memory will forget it? Yes, "Elephant" really have indeed Europe, Asia, Africa had a "no blending" stage. But not because of "peace-loving freedom, like neutrality, no..


Want to get involved in, "and so on. The fact is that the "elephant" know they are strong enough, so that the "neutral" is also not available at the over and people fighting the "Kings". That period is called the "Monroe home.


Justice. "In that period, is rarely seen elsewhere to the" elephant "of the trace, but the" elephant "in South America but has not been idle..


In the early 19th century is still weak, and the United States national power in order to avoid the "superpower" conflict, Europe, UK and other powers of the "sacred Union" will attempt to interfere with the independence movement in South America. And when.


When the United States and the old "Super Empire" is still very small compared, so the United States, "America is America for Americans," the Monroe Doctrine. In December 1823. .


2, the fifth President J.. Monroe in his declared: the United States would not interfere in the internal affairs of the European powers, or of the war between them; the United States recognizes and does not interfere with the European powers in the Latin American colony and protectorate; Europe.


Chau powers shall not in the North and South America to colonize; European powers to control or oppression of any North and South America countries, any attempt will be regarded as hostile acts against the United States, and that "America is America for Americans," I. .


Number.


The Monroe Doctrine is not what the United States neutral, but precisely because the United States began an important indicator of foreign expansion policy. Since then, the United States has chosen the relative decline of Spain as the targets of attacks, has set up. .


"Gauge" troops on Cuba, the Philippines, Puerto Rico, Panama, Mexico, Latin America business became his "backyard", on the outside of the transaction is wisely "isolationist", it looks like it is on the subject.


Things outside the Americas 一概 "no admixture" as a "neutral" in fact this is the United States based on the relative longer-term considerations. This policy has been extended from before the war. .


Some people say: the United States likes freedom walk ... it to place the order on Ning.


In fact the U.S. has never been more permits only himself a "fire" and not allow others to point "light" of. It has a "walk" the patent, but others only have Zhan Zhuang. .


We met the facts found his walk is not within its own territory, but is almost continuously in all public places "and" other animals "homeland", and always acted to make waves.


The students were. He does not allow his friends in the neighborhood in the neighborhood, "brandish sticks martial arts fitness," but it was always other people their own around their houses, "fire executive savings gun stick to keep guns"; also often love "Pa months window, listening to a room..


Root "; or" the family yard looking down over the "and" fly ", but also to keep down the" lost some hurt stinks ".:.


In 1963, former Soviet Union, some of the short-range missiles into Cuba, as Cuba's neighbors, the "elephant" angry, immediately ordered the U.S. military into a global alert, deployed near. .


200 vessels of various types of warships blockaded the Atlantic, Caribbean Sea, on the high seas in waters, search all sailors, blocking threats such as not to withdraw missiles in Cuba will not hesitate to play a game of world nuclear war. Can he himself has next to someone else.


A large number of military bases for troops keeping a weapon. .


The United States do not allow anyone but himself has never stopped in the other side (on the weak he also entered the territorial waters of other airspace) spy surveillance flights, cruise. It is a pure "their own sense of" destroying "sense" States of others.


The provision of such April 1, 2001, America's spies kept flying around and led to the collision to kill. .


Subsequently.


April 10 Hong Kong "Sun," said U.S. plane intruded into or closer to the Chinese territory, often gathering military intelligence, this is an open secret. According to the newspaper, U.S. military intelligence gathering activities in China, more frequent recently. Early last month, U.S. aircraft have. .


Twice over the Yellow Sea and East China Sea, China to conduct reconnaissance aircraft intercepting forced;.


March 24, the U.S. Navy ship has a detection of the Yellow Sea in waters near the Korean Peninsula, the implementation of tasks by the Chinese "Huangshi" driven warship. Among other things, the United States Zhang Shi advanced technology and military power, continuous surveillance of the Chinese military. .


Information on this matter is extremely unfriendly and aggressive behavior.


Even the U.S. "Time" magazine reporter Tony. Karon has written that he said that the U.S. government should put itself to think about: If the Chinese reconnaissance aircraft off the coast of Florida to the United States. .


Spy surveillance, and the United States aircraft to intercept was destroyed and the pilot, then Americans how to deal with this matter? "he said:" I think that Americans do not may be found. ...


February 9, 2001 U.S. nuclear submarine Greenville, boat tours to please their visitors at the expense of other people's lives (contempt for human rights of others) irregularities floating, nuclear submarines will be a tall rudder. .


Known as the "Ehime Maru", the Japanese fishing vessel bottom hitting the "Ehime Maru" within a few minutes, it will sink to the bottom of the sea. Nine people were killed (including four Japanese students, 2, 3 crew) 26 people were rescued.


February 3, 1998, NATO's Aviano Air Base in Italy Ashby rotating back in service, with several pilot "buddies" flew into the air ride privately to celebrate, violations would be a low view of fiber cable severing, 20 from Italy and Germany claimed the lives of the foothills of the unfortunate tourists. .


It also says in the surface of what the United Nations, such as the approval of the war, in fact, the early use of the airspace in the Iraqi no-fly zone, making every day hundreds of vehicles, aerial bombing of civilian targets, has for many years. The United States each year by the military in the world.


Sector in the first place, more than 19 countries then the sum of qualifying. It is so, ostensibly to maintain world order, in fact, to protect its overseas markets as well as the normal supply of energy and raw materials. He was stationed throughout the world. .


Army, the export of arms to arms around. Is this what his "involved" in the "neutral"?.


Above simple example shows that the U.S. is not restricted walking, and others are not at liberty to walk in, give way to escape is not necessarily safe. United States, as "their freedom for free" to "non-stop local rampage" of. And you did not provoke it, is not it? . .


The United States is supporting the "democracy" oppose "autocratic"?.


Many "silly" or "Chuaizhe understand the fool" in holding the United States who have always said how the United States how to love "democracy" hate "tyranny." Unfortunately, these were disappointed that a large number of examples show that the U.S. has never been a "democracy or dictatorship" to determine their choices. The only criterion for choice of things the U.S. is "America's interests." .


Talking about freedom, democracy, and it seems there is a good thing, but should not become parcel poison pill. The cornerstone of u.s. policy was not of freedom and democracy, he said, is "American interests." Do not look at it this way, you'll never be able to explain the history of all of the following.


U.S. allies in the Middle East, called "moderate" Saudi Arabia is a "democracy" or "dictatorship"? . .


Support of the United States in the war of authoritarian regimes, the Chinese people the most familiar way to Chiang Kai-shek's regime; in addition there is the infamous Korea, Park Chung-Hee regime; Vietnam NG Ting brilliant regime; Ronald doesn't, Suharto, Marcos, Franco, mocha, a despot, they are in the US "under the wing of the democratic" egg Chair and acting as a United States jiangshan! international strategy significantly.


Even the U.S. with this mortal. . Osama bin Laden group, the Cold War, because the line against the United States and the former Soviet Union's needs, but also U.S. allies, have had strong support from the United States. The United States now will. .


Than Saddam, during the Iran-Iraq war, as in the US against Iran's Islamic revolution regime aims also at u.s. funding support under to become military power in the Middle East.


Do not cite, and more than enough to prove that the U.S. is "not against" tyranny. So instead of following just one example of the United States down to prove they are "anti" democracy. .


One of the most typical case is the Chilean Allende President's tragedy, Chile is the world's largest copper-producing countries, with a very important strategic position, and since Chile is located in South America, the United States as. ..


"Backyard", the control of Chile's political, economic, has become an inevitable choice for the U.S. economy by U.S. companies, oligarchic control, but the Chilean people's resentment of U.S. control, U.S. administrations to think hard to maintain. .


A beautiful, anti-communist political power, but at the same time maintaining a "democracy" and face.


Happens claimed Marxist Salvador. Allende, resolutely follow the road to govern the election, starting in 1964, after nearly 10 years of struggle, repeated in the United States under the direct hand in the election fails, keep on fighting, in 1970, another in the United States by the Central Intelligence Agency after the failure to intervene successfully for elections. .


Afterwards, in the election process, because the United States refused to tie against Allende plot of military leaders Schneider was CIA general arrangement of the killer assassinated.


Because the leadership of President Allende's Socialist Party believes in socialism, inevitably touch on the economic interests in Chile, the United States, diplomacy may not be willing to do America's "allies", then, the United States resorted to every means, including the system. .


Making the economic crisis (as Chile's economic control in the hands of big corporations in the United States), to catch the Allende's resignation, other means of exhaustion is not valid, the United States at the CIA, under the auspices of Helms, in 1973.


Through a lot of money, weapons have bought Chilean Army Commander Augusto. General Pinochet, the Air Force Gustav. Lee generals and Navy commander, commander of the police and a number of senior generals. In 1973. .


18 September launched a military coup to overthrow Allende President. Admirable Allende President helmets, handheld submachine guns, and rebels fighting to the last, to defend the idea of freedom and democracy, and the last of the legal system in Chile.


A drop of blood. .


The United States from 1964 to block Allende's run for the Presidency to 1973 September Allende was murdered, the total cost of us $ 12 million. While the United States supported by the Pinochet regime in Chile implemented.


Up to 17 years of military dictatorship, years of bloody rule, a serious violation of the Chilean people's basic human rights. It was revealed that in 17 years during his rule, more than 3,000 people were killed in Chile, 1198. .


Missing, 10 million people were forced to exile.


President Allende, the blood of General Schneider tells us once again, America's "freedom and democracy" is how hypocritical the U.S. "anti-authoritarian" What a hypocritical slogan for this kind of "freedom, democracy," " anti-authoritarian "and that those who applaud how shameless! . .


Joint morning news network ".


The modernization of China's six years of political choice - from the late Qing reform, Deng Xiaoping New Deal (full text). .


Author: Qin Xiao Gong.


Today, my report entitled "Modernization of China's six years of political choice" talk of the late Deng Xiaoping's reforms to the New Deal. Every time people will re-interpret the past history, because every time conflicts. .


Difficulties, problems, people always from its own difficulties and contradictions, sought to derive from the history. In this sense, the history is everlasting. Our nation is facing a..


Challenges of the new modern period, we will naturally raise the question of history, 100 years of China's modernization of the Chinese people to provide what lessons? Our forefathers went through what kind of setback? We. .


To what extent can derive inspiration from history? in this sense, the modern era requires modern history.


Should be said that modern China's modernization is Westernization Movement from the beginning of 1860, rather than from the Opium War, the Opium War between the Westernization Movement to 20 years, Chinese people do not wake up, Chinese people really. .


Wake up from the Westernization movement in some small political elite. From the Westernization movement today 140 years is actually a modern history, modernization requires modern political carrier, then what kind of politics.


Vector allows the Chinese to adapt to a modern kind of challenges? Different international and domestic conditions in the next, people will take different political carrier, different times of political choice largely depends on these factors. .


First, the objective conditions of various internal and external pressures and constraints, including national and international conditions. Secondly, there is rich and various subjective understanding people's values, to a large extent also affect him.


Political choices are made. Thirdly, people can make use of what was the political resources to form their political strategy? They can use what resources. This created what we call political choice. By. .


That political choices more specifically to a particular political system and modernization of the combination of strategic and political model, so it is a comprehensive concept. These different political options before and one after the other, are formed.


A hundred years of modern Chinese history. Generally can be said of China's Westernization movement from 140 years ago to the present, through the six political choice. The first was the Qing dynasty, enlightened despotism of the sport, that is, until E Westernization Movement. .


The reform political reform, the Qing dynasty, this whole process is an involuntary movement of the enlightened despotism. Although it is a failure. The second from 1911 to 1913, with Sun Yat-Sen as the representative of the early parliamentary model. For the third time.


1913 to 1928, to Yuan Shikai and the representative of the northern military strong man-made type of new military strongman, authoritarian model. Fourth is the 1928 to 1949, the KMT's authoritarian nationalist mold. .


Type, we can call it Chinese in the history of the second phase of the new authoritarianism. The fifth is a 1949 to 1976, Mao Zedong's all-embracing modern mode, all-embracing is a political concept, all-embracing.


The planned economy. Sixth in 1978 to the present mode of Deng Xiaoping, the New Deal. Classification in political science, I think it is, after embracing the new technology bureaucratic authoritarianism. The six political choices can actually be. .


In the name of six individuals. They are the Empress Dowager Cixi mode, Sun Yat-Sen, Yuan Shi-kai, Chiang Kai-shek mode, Mao Zedong, Deng Xiaoping's model. While these six individuals is precisely this 140 years in China on China's people's life.


Win the most important influence in the six individuals, because they represent political choices to the fate of the Chinese people deeply marked by the stigma. Here I will analyze each of these six options, and then evaluate, and think through this evaluation. .


On our current political choices as a historical orientation, I hope to get some inspiration from it.


The first choice, Late Model enlightened despotism. It has gone through three phases: Movement, Reform Movement and the New Deal. Why is the first model is a modern enlightened despotism out? Logically can be very simple. .


Extend so that an old dynastic political elites in the face of the national crisis of such enormous pressure, he only to Western civilization to follow in order to increase their resistance, this procedure must be followed to create the system.


New and institutional innovation, so bureaucratic elites have greater ability to absorb modern, more effective mobilization of human and material resources to achieve the target set. As long as the system innovation and system innovation, once begun, it. .


The inevitable has entered the enlightened despotism of the process. The so-called enlightened despotism is new wine in old bottles, using the authority of the Emperor and the bureaucracy as a political tool to implement modern transformation. From William II to Emperor Meiji.


Can be said to be enlightened despotism in human history through the initial success of access to modern historical examples. .


First is the Westernization movement, Westernization movement is made along the Riverside, where large Member starts. Modernization of Westernization movement lies in the first two points, meaning the first point, the awakening of secular reason, the so-called secular reason is.


People's thinking out of belief in dogma and doctrine of interference with the efficacy and examples, with the result, with the results, with practical acts as selection criteria. Modernization of the first to break the faith and dogma. This doctrine had to overcome. .


-First start from the Westernization movement. Although they are not consciously aware of modernization, as long as they realize that only from the West of the effectiveness of the process in order to beat the West, they actually is one of the world.


Popular rational awakening. In China, a long-term use of dogma and beliefs to rule the country, the awakening of his secular reason is probably not a sense of enlightenment, the first is the efficacy of reason, as we Deng Xiaoping opened the New Deal. .


Beginning of time, regardless of the cats catches mice, from a philosophical point of view that is used to replace the effectiveness of rational belief in a rational, including practice is the sole criterion for testing truth. Secondly, the Westernization movement.


The modern meaning of the second point is particularly important, and as long as they take the first step, they 就 have to go out the second step, they keep Dier Bu Wei Liao had to step out of the third ... ... It is Mr. Jiang Tingfu in "China Jin Dai . .


History made at a very interesting point of view. In other words you want to follow the Western military instruments, you need to develop the military industry, you need to develop the military industry and you'll have to go the next step in the development of heavy industry,.


Transport industry, mining industry, the development of heavy industry, transport industry, mining industry, you have to develop light industry, because only light can provide a lot of money to carry out flow, this heavy industry, light industry in the development process they need. .


New education. This is a cyclical process. Because Western civilization itself is an organic whole. In this evolutionary process, the Chinese people a step forward towards a modernization.


Of course, there are serious Westernization Movement of corruption and inefficiency. But be fair, after the development of almost all modern country, and its early stage of development is a high incidence of corruption. From the system point of view of doctrine, system. .


Only after the discovery of the issue before the trial and error process gradually targeted follow-up, in the event of a problem, the system does not follow up before there will be a corruption of calamity. Just as we are today, our today's corruption.


Degree of Westernization movement better than less, even in some places may be more serious. The low efficiency of the Westernization Movement can be understood in terms of economics, a lot of resources to focus on working quickly to achieve a certain objective reality. .


Mark, you have to sacrifice effective resource allocation. Effective allocation of resources in the West is in the hundreds of years, in a micro-competition-in the process of gradually. China is not the process. In other words,.


In theory, if the Westernization Movement to an infinite time, 50 years, 100 years ... ... in this state can be gradually oriented toward enlightened despotism. While the enlightened despotism is the first stage of China's modernization, but the. .


Countries actually Westernization movement time not by themselves, but by the Japanese. Japan's Meiji Restoration after decades has achieved considerable success, and beat the Sino-Japanese war, China.


China into a profound sense of anxiety and crisis. Westernization Movement as a model during this period essentially gone. Then go to the late Qing period. .


The reform movement is enlightened despotism of the second phase. It is the basic characteristics of a group of institutions other than the edge of the intellectuals have suddenly entered the political centre, although they have a strong spirit of reform, there is a clear awareness of modernization.


But they have never been a government, they and the young emperor combination formed to promote the modernization of China's elite forces. Failure of the Reform Movement are two fundamental reasons, the first is their mentality and a sense of crisis. .


Their strong anxiety affects their political decisions, so that they fall into a kind of anxiety-jijinxing, they are more than 100 days publishes nearly 300 road, on the advice of the reform, all of them on each of them.


Almost no support among each other, or even the lack of basic political organization of writing. They want to prompt, thorough, rapid, exerted by the to promote enlightened despotism of China. So they will have violated the general. .


Officials of interest. In fact they are stubborn conservatives and limited support for the reform of vested interests, as well as the moderate reformers are together against the radical Reformers. Here is the limited support major reform of vested interests.


Refers to the two people, the empress, and Rong Lu. Because of the time is not on the detailed analysis of these two individuals. So we formed a very isolated state. The second reason they fail is that they do not have any experience, he. .


The vast majority of people do not have worked as an officer, they gained an edge status outside support is precisely their external support relatively limited understanding of the unique characteristics that allow them to win the trust of the young emperor. So.


And when they had some confidence in the future, the lack of reform within the system of any experience. A few examples, Kang just let his students on the memorial, urging people wearing suits. We now have a lot of people. .


Wear a suit, 100 years ago when he asked was wearing a suit. Because the Japanese people are wearing a suit, Japanese because wore a suit and bushy-tailed so reform a success. He also believes that China's reform is not money, money is capacity.


Easy to sell to the British in Tibet, the British like to Tibet, just as Russia sold Alaska to Americans, anyway, this place is a waste Mang, useless. They also proposed to issue 600 million taels of silver in the national public debt. When the. .


When farmers so poor and so there is no credit in the country, how could release 6 billion two silver 1 billion bond? these are used in the Navy, 1 billion to build the railway, 2 million used in the army, are assigned.


Side there is a problem here, why reform finally got a chance to be a scholar of Chinese type of politicians that was why they came led by the reform movement? I think this is China's modernization process. .


In a difficult problem. It is this bureaucratic too closed to hold modern elites in order to enter the system, and access to the system during the long bureaucratic misfiring, has been maintained.


Any reform lost momentum, desire, ability and vision, while those outside the system power, ability and the reason people have power vision, vision is because they are not contaminated by this system, intervention. Then went out. .


Now the situation within the experienced people without this reform, reform of the aspirations of people in the system does not have any experience. This is the paradox of a dilemma.


Then came to New Deal, New Deal is the enlightened despotism of the final stage, the Qing Dynasty on the reform efforts of the most serious one. It also confirmed Mr. Huntington's sentence: "in the crisis of authority in the system..


A certain cure will promptly become genuine reformer, he sincerely from the reform of his authority to retain, hold down the power of genuine sincerity. "This is a movement of the late Qing dynasty contains a wide range of content, including the abolition of the examination, lift.


Office of New Schools, a ban on opium, as building railways, reform the judicial system, encouraging enterprise and so on. From its extensive on it far more than the Westernization Movement, and it is spread across the country, the Westernization Movement progress only in the coastal and riverside. .


Line. From the time that it is up to 11 years, far exceeding the reform movement of 3 months. It's politics, culture, life is full of important influence.


Why then this reform fail? Here there are two fundamental problems edge. First, the New Deal was a sharp loss in the ruler's authority after the authority has been plunged into crisis circumstances conducted. This makes the subject to the authority. .


Pressure on the rulers to the crisis through the rapid, dramatic, high-difficulty of reform to achieve modernization in China, and thus to restore his authority crisis. However, due to the difficulty of his reform, the range is too large, his authority was insufficient.


Difficult to support such a large amplitude of the reform, the reform process on the formation of a growing state of dissatisfaction and disorder. The state of this disorder has caused dissatisfaction made him further into a deeper sense of crisis among. .


So you want to make a more substantial reform. This was plunged into a vicious circle. In addition the second factor, according to Qing dynasty of 1989, I came to the conclusion that the reform of the Qing dynasty's strategy is wrong.


Russo-Japanese War in 1905, making the gentry class, the bureaucratic class which formed a kind of constitutional thought, constitutional thought has long been considered a very progressive reform thought of them. But the biggest special constitutional thought. .


Point is, obviously in that time, the modernization of the initial needs an open authority led authority to implement reform, power is separated into a place where, as a result of the fact that it is the power once,.


The power of the central and provincial governments are the provincial gentry in advance dug up, the central government without the authority of the central everywhere by local forces Baokuo Consultative Council rejected by vested interests, while the local Consultative Council has been radical gentry . .


The grasping they came up with many factual circumstances beyond that time. When the demands were not met when the frustration of the whole of society. This caused an explosion of political participation, political participation of anxious.


Play expansion. New Deal did not realize that, hit the first barrier is the authority involved in the crisis, and this authority involved in the crisis that he was ahead of constitutional reforms. The early Meiji Restoration in Japan is not a constitutional change. .


Leather, Japan is in fact a constitutional as slogan and under the guise of enlightened despotism of movement, in Meiji 20 to 30 years before entering the constitutional period. Therefore, Japan's political scientists kiyoo nobusaburo hit Japanese dimension.


The new nature, he thought the Meiji Restoration in Japan and Germany, Wilhelm II, are a type of reform, its essence is to increase the Emperor and the central authority. It constitutionalism as a symbol, is essentially a dictatorship of the enlightened. .


Procedure. But China is thought to be constitutional, the modernization of the constituent will learn the true constitutional England, that is, the Constitution of the people. Later the local gentry power powerful the powerful local knowledge level? to the military Governor, he could be impeached.


Governor. The military governor, the Governor in order to maintain their official position, can only stand in the position to confront the central place. This makes the authority of the crisis worse. Together with the Empress Dowager Cixi died in 1908 after the ruler inside there. .


A vacuum of authority at the end of the Qing dynasty, the greatest failure is in fact a vacuum of authority.


In short, enlightened despotism of the sport in China is a failure. It should be said that the failure of China's traditional system of self-innovation capability is too low, it is not Bismarck's reforms in Germany, Wilhelm II reforms, Russia's reforms. .


Japan's reform. Chinese bureaucracy has a characteristic is its extremely low self innovation ability, cultural inertia extremely serious. Here's an example of the problem. Japan Fukuzawa to Kat wrote a book about the West's small.


Booklets sold in Japan, 300,000 a year, while China Jiangnan Manufacturing Bureau for 30 years to sell all of western civilization, books, pamphlets together only 13,000. China's population is 11 times that of Japan, the land. .


The area is 27 times in Japan. From this point of view, China is it any wonder the Sino-Japanese war?, the failure of Westernization movement lies in the conservative forces too powerful, as well as having failed to cause frustration, anxiety.


The wrong reform strategy, while New Deal is the loss of authority. All these factors can be summarized as cultural inertia and institutional innovation is too weak a result of the crisis caused by. .


We now turn to the second choice. After the revolution of multi-party parliamentary democracies, which means that the most developed Western democracies become political carrier China's modernization. How could this happen? actually has two.


Reasons, one is subjective reasons. People's minds at that time, there is a strong identity, a strong consensus that the most advanced Western civilization is a kind of political system, fits-all, democracy is like a rain. .


Clothing, you can wear in the rain, I was also able to shelter from the rain, very convenient. This is evident in 1906, Dr Sun Yat-Sen in the Tokyo International Conference on speech there is a famous parable:.


"China should take after the overthrow of autocratic what road? Enlightened despotism of, or is democracy? This is like the engine to use the railway was finished, in the end is the old people invented the locomotive, or whether the new invention with others..


Of course, is a new engine?. New locomotives invented to several years, and we just can be used. Since the bloody simply once blood flow and flow for the second time. "This is the Dr. Sun Yat-Sen's view, the essence of politics.


Basically, this concept is also British. This kind of political ideas are affected when people's political choice, it's like Voltaire said famously that year: "The people of an era than thinking of how people of an era..


Their action is more important. "In fact is the controlling actions.


The second reason is an objective reason. After the overthrow of the Qing Dynasty, the provinces in a state of disorder, fragmentation. To gather together 22 provinces is only one way, is a province votes to form a federal republic, this. .


-China is natural for a Democratic Republic. The result was formed a multi-party system, the formation of the 300 multiple political parties, political parties are a dime a dozen, have an endless supply of the party. The most crucial issue is almost all.


Party does not comply with the rules of the game as much as possible under the conditions of maximum benefit to the party, not only League that Republicans also do so. There is a very interesting phenomenon, then Liang Ji Liang Shuming's father has a record of the former. .


Door station, whenever one of the founding Council, members of the province have been off the train, the political parties there like a pendulum cezi spread, just want to get people to your hostel accommodation, give him the benefit of the status of the species are found.


Shanghai prostitutes pull the same as the guests. Those who benefit first Republican House and then to the other guest houses to live another benefit, then a third, and fourth guest house ... ... the final vote for. This is true at the time. .


Real state. Of course it would have failed. And then the presidential dictatorship of Yuan Shi-kai, through two Cabinet crisis. Recent Cabinet crisis, Roh Moo-hyun on opposition to impeach him, and caused great shock. This is very like Yuan Shi-kai.


The second cabinet crisis is a crisis cabinet Lu Cheng-hsiang. Lu Cheng-hsiang itself is a diplomat, had informed the Cabinet that he did it, and gave him a 20-minute speech, he would see his point. Lu Cheng-hsiang that is casual talk. .


On the mundane, caused resentment among the findings, therefore, his mention of six Ministers rejected all, one should not. Later, in folk have aroused the anger. This anger is like Roh Moo-hyun, denied later civil status of anger.


Then there is a problem, almost all Asian and African countries after the democratic revolution, they are of such a regime is established parliamentary democracy with romanticism. But almost two years inside have failed, have been strong. .


Place, formed the dominant political. So why is this happening? the simplest argument is a highly traditional social systems in a highly political system Westernized, there cannot be.


Achieve integration. Western parliamentary democracy is in the West, following the specific historical conditions, in the long historical process of evolution. For example, multi-party system needs to comply with rules of the game sense, but the rules of the game must have a method. .


System, and to have legal traditions must have individual rights and obligations of consciousness, and this in turn requires the development of the middle class, middle class development and market economy, the market economy and civil society, needs to be developed.


Information systems, all of these factors are interdependent. China's parliamentary politics, no support for these areas. Yan Fu on this issue actually see the most profound, more than 100 years ago had a profound Yan see this. .


Problems problems, he said: "become a must first become b, b, c, one must first become so fold phase cycle, as well as the doom-mongers. "Yan Fu cited example, said that the Chinese are cattle, see horse runs fast, and then put into the water.


Own bracket up, and then found installed in the bracket on the Horseshoe, or run faster, then they discovered the horse chestnut is a need to support bone, then a horse or cow bones loaded to run faster, because the horse's skeletal muscles need a horse . .


Support, the muscles and the nervous system of the horse, then people found except cattle suddenly all of them into a horse, otherwise it is not possible as a horse. So I say Fu first found in modern China.


A very important process of the paradox phenomenon of unilateral transplantation of a certain system that it can not survive, it is the lack of other organic support. Transplantation can not be comprehensive, fully equal to transplant into another creature was. .


The third choice, Yuan Shi-kai's military strongman's authoritarian politics. After Yuan Shi-kai in the dissolved Parliament, became the first Chinese history with modern orientation of authoritarianism, he is in the development industry, the introduction of modern education, develop business.


Law, maintaining order has played a very active role. 1914 to 1916, two years in relative political stability, economy increasing at a rate of 11%, so by many Western economists as the Chinese bourgeoisie. .


The golden age-level development. Now in the Chinese translation is the author of the famous French scholar white Jill, is called the golden age of Chinese bourgeoisie ", written by this period of time. We can make this political die Yuan Shi-kai.


Style called new authoritarianism. .


The so-called new authoritarianism is the four conditions in developing countries, third world countries, as parliamentary politics inverse kinematics of the political authority of the military strongman. First of all it is the developing countries, followed by parliamentary politics.


The reverse movement occurs at the same time it has the political resources to the military strongman as the basis for authoritarianism, it is authoritarianism. As a comprehensive understanding of the authority of the system is not simply an iron hand, but a patriarchal system, it. .


Powers not through democratic means, rather than democracy. But this kind of authoritarianism in the third world can be said to have a kind of universality. Yuan Shi-kai was the first Asian history, authoritarianism, and then like South Korea.


The Park Chung Hee, Chun Doo-hwan, Park Chung Hee it is 3 years before the romantic meaning of reactionary politics, Sukarno Suharto is reactionary parliamentary democracy, Pinochet is a reaction and so on Allende . As long as the main authority. .


Meaning, it must have a democratic political cause. This kind of authoritarianism of the logic is that as long as it is by having means to achieve political stability, this kind of political stability will be conducive to economic development.


Conditions, and economic development will lead to social diversity, social diversity and formed a new interpersonal structure, multi-stakeholder co-integration relationship between the relations is a kind of bargaining, such bargaining relationship is. .


Contractual relationship. But this kind of contract relationship is precisely the real modern democracy, and is not a lofty ideal of moral dimension. In this sense, the new authoritarianism may become the democratic development of a jump.


Board, although he may create their own grave-diggers. For this reason, we can understand why a liberal like Yan Fu Yuan he was given a highly praised political strongman. I am on the Yuan. .


Understanding of this word from Yan Fu began. Yan Fu in his students a bear in a letter to the of pure ru said: "Although the dissolved Parliament Yuan Shi-kai of the Constitution, but this thing is made of Yuan Shi-kai's life the most beautiful one.


Thing, the most successful thing. "Because Congress will not do other things in addition to mischief, might as well disband them out, a dissolution of all matter is resolved, the issue of Tibet, Mongolia's problems, the issue of loans that the six countries..


Some are solved. Otherwise the opposition will vote against it, in the end what anything. Yan Fu and concludes, "China is now needed is not a Washington, d.c., Napoleon is Cromwell. "He expressed the hope that the Yuan Shi.


Kai to become China's Cromwell. .


However, Yuan Shi-kai's new authoritarianism has two fatal weakness. First, it is the internal structure of the asylum network relationships, is the Lord protected persons between the rights and obligations, even in simple terms a bit like a crony gateway.


System. Order to maintain the rule of this relationship is very fragile, and once strong man left this world, and patronage networks, there is no allegiance, will fight each other. That is its lack of internal structure of political system. .


Use ideology as cohesion factors internal to your organization. Secondly, Yuan Shi-kai I have very strong desire to become emperor, his modern consciousness very fragile. So when Yuan Shi-kai to Emperor, his authority in respect of the damage.


Loss. But then if the desire to close up when the emperor, the problem is not big, he can continue to make life-long president, unfortunately he died. So soon caught in a melee during a rudderless. Later entered the northern. .


The warlord era.


Northern warlords in my opinion is a degradation form of authoritarianism. Chinese society is the overall crisis of the 20th century from that time began. .


Old Harbin architecture.


European legacy of the old building, like the wind blowing in the dream. .













































The development of China's history, like a gyroscope, rolling around in a circle, the cycle again. In this cyclical movement, there is a constant, always remain the same.


Du Mu said, "Qin Ai then from people who subscribed sorrow, sorrow for posterity and not learn the lesson, also to future generations their descendants sorrow.". .


"Descendants" of complex AI posterity, do not reflect historical change in the characteristics remain the same?.


This is a law, it was called the historical law. Recently you can see, different scholars for different historical facts from different. .


Point of view, the interpretation of the law of a different "history". This one-Pei said "its Hsing Bo yan, how their lives are suddenly;" the law, he writes, "the law"; the bottleneck, Qin wrote "zongxi"; starring wrote "blood".


Law "; Guang write" traditional legitimacy of the law "and" Water boat, the vessel "law;" moral support from many unjust "law;" long period of division, together for a long time will be minutes, "Law;" Rabbit cooking dead dog "law;..


"Vilified" law; law of "family" and fall cycle, etc..


All kinds of stories, whether it can be called "Law", also in doubt. But they do is constantly being repeated, showing a certain regularity. Scholars interested in how the law of history? I think their intention is to break through the ages in our history that the same thing. "Descendants descendants sorrow", repeat this and give us too much pain. .


I am from a variety of selected 10, EOB "law" as well?.


The first law, law of ivory chopsticks. .


Yin Zhou had ascended the throne, he crafted a pair of chopsticks in ivory. Yin Chen Kay, the child said, "certainly not ivory chopsticks with clay, with Rhino.


The bowl, white jade cup. He'll definitely can not hold wild coarse grains, can only be matched with Delicacies. Eat, refused to wear the thick Ge delicacies jackets, live humble thatched house, and to beautiful clothes, by Chinese cars, live in high buildings. China is not satisfied. .


Will come to overseas to search for treasures. I can't help but worry about him. (Feng Meng).


Sure enough, King Zhou "thick solid Lutai tax to the money, and ... ... interest income dog horse objects, filling yards palace. ... ... To liquor pool, hanging meat for the forest, by men and women Luo phase during which the drink for the night. "people complain and nobility rebels, killed their country, their own" to go to the fire and died. " .


Why do things as Kay, child, step by step development?.


Very young, we already know Pushkin's great, because we all like him that "the story of the fisherman and the goldfish." That ugly old woman, initially just wanted a new tub. First wish was to meet after the second wish come one after another. One by one, the appetite is growing. The end result is still only an old tub. .


The world of greed, not like this? it delongwangshu. Endless.


King's greed, more terrible, because he has unlimited power, no one can stop him. .


The poem "cloud," who, after the summer. " 。.


Kam said the business here, what should we Kam-what? . .


Firstly, it must not be a "first time".


The first may be negligible, a pair of chopsticks or a tub. Once the decision is the dam of the mouth, the flood would be a crash down. .


Take a look at those officials who, as long as the collection of the first instalment of the bribe, the future is not determined by him.


Is, how weak people's willpower. Once riding the seat of power, several people can refuse it the first time? . .


Second, the whole process is the "progressive".


"Progressive" in the book I borrowed from a medical. Like cancer, is through nature. Continue to develop, will not stop, it will not be reversed, has been going. .


Yin Zhou around though than dry and Kay child such hsien-Robinson, but unable to dissuade him. Rely on Ministers to restriction of discouraging to the imperial power, its validity is clearly insufficient. Hence, the developments of its inevitability.


Third, "its sudden fall." .


The public speeches, 荘 11 years ":" precision machinery, the death of the Shang dynasty, sinners are also overlooked. "Here" and "Word, which means fast suddenly.


Floods washed away Soon blew. .


In Beijing, Li Zicheng's career reached its peak. From its peak as headlong, busts, also at the instant.


Yan Zhou king after two thousand years, there are weeks You Wang, Emperor Qin, Sheng, Wang Mang, Chen Houzhu, Yang, Huang Chao, Taizu of Later Liang, Li Yu, Li Zicheng, Hong, Chiang Kai-shek and so on, "his sudden fall" , many more to follow. .


Yin Zhou, Chinese history, the famous fatuous monarch, tyrant, the ruin of the King, he leaves to posterity? left two words, "close".


Can not limit the power of + unlimited expansion of greed = bitter lesson. .


Mr. Pei caves in Yan'an, Mao Zedong brought in to "the dead also suddenly Yan" historical law, therefore, this law is called the "law of PEI's cave".


The second law, Tusigoupeng Law. .


Yue Wang Jian, and phrases, for revenge, the extraordinary spirit of enduring hardships. But his personal qualities are very poorly. In cases of extreme hardship, to help him prepare plans of two generals, one of the things that were killed after a flight.


Man killed when the species, Ju Jian said, "You taught me the Conquest of Wu by seven methods, I used three of them to destroy the State of Wu, where you have the four, put it into the kings go there.". .


There are seven ways to exterminate Wu, it should be very wise, a sentence of death for their practice.


Previously, Fan Li had to persuade the text kind of "gadfly birds do, the good bow; Jiaotu dead, stooges cooking. Yuewang man beak long neck, and common trouble can not and common pleasure." Fan Li of the intellectual, obviously higher than the lingual, finally able to escape death. .


Tusigoupeng, history repeats itself constantly.


Able to recite the "big phoenix song" Han emperor, is chicken intestines. By Lai Hanxin military genius, won the world. Han Xin is with the original "of the world", was not only not "total", but also the Han Xin's life. .


Was immortalized, was made a grain, hid. Liu Chang's death, grain show also thanks curtain, still eating..


Speaking of killing heroic, vicious than the emperor. Then helped him conquer the world war will like forest. Later, Zhu Dinan, the court was not competent generals actually sent to the soldier. Fortunately, not a fight over the north side of the Mongols, or Ramon in the country, reached the second generation also lost the battle. .


Zhao Kuangyin said, "my final evening might sleep. "Got it, but not sleep, adoring, why?.


The world surged, like the south, there are many ambitious king. Zan is the home, then "rule as emperor," not also a careerist? That being said, careerist sleep around us. .


Always nagging, sleep well, neurasthenia, thought it was Wolf, so a kill.


This is a mindset, the world no matter who, as long as the ride (rush) to this position, always not help themselves think so. Had looted something no guarantee that another one will not be snatched. So, history repeats itself Tusigoupeng things is completely logical. .


In the cultural revolution, I was a concept, a xiaoyaopai chess not language. Looking at more decently admire fan this person.


Those rebels, the beginning of compression, pathetic. Later the upper hand, many factions within the divided, fighting over each other. .


Almost without exception, in the event of external pressures, internal differentiation. immediately.


Why this is so, a total of trouble easily, with rich and difficult? . .


Now, if several people work together in partnership. At first, work diligently, Gong in difficult environments, with the company could work together. Once the House is big, huge profits, is different. Mistrust, discord, finally as regards pleasures.


Is Human nature is like that? . .


Descendants of this law to be recorded as "crafty rabbit cooked, lackey; birds; the enemy off lianggongcang, advisers. Since ancient times of trouble, his easy win. "。.


Third law, surrounded by the law. .


Zhuge Liang in the ages of the rise and fall in the world, "Pro-Yin Chen, far from the cur, this first sang so well; Pro-curs Xinglong, far-Yin Chen, this survey so inclined and stunted. " 。.


Traitor and villain, though ignoble, but they are in China, occupies an important place in history. Dynasty's demise, the state's catastrophe, often associated with them. .


The historical records in the ning Sinclair biography ", the biography in the jianning, the Kao" and beyond the history, the meta-history of the Liao dynasty history, the history of the Ming dynasty, etc in the annals of the traitorous minister biography ". Traitorous minister in the history of status, the historians did not dare to ignore.


"Pretty" and Zhao Gao, "Many men," the Lilin Fu, and the entire country "Six Thieves" Tong Guan, Gao Qiu, Cai Jing, etc., framed good people of Qin Hui, duplicity of Yan Song, can not list them. If they drew near together, you can arranged in force, mighty. But, only force can not be used to battle for killing the enemy, their role is "siege." .


Mr. Lu said, "cool guy", "side will always have a few people, surrounded by a water leak not enclosed. "Results" is the cool guy becoming competent, had nearly a puppet of the trend. "" China's wing is the reason that practrice, siege, …. " 。.


This is surrounded by the law. .


Not only is surrounded by the traitorous minister villain, and wives like daji, baosi, as well as in article * against Jenny white. Although the "Finish" on the nvse is wrong, but bad woman in the history of neglected.


Will be a magnet into the sand, the surface will glue a little iron magnet, magnet attracting iron filings, is because of the magnetic field. .


Surround power, there is an invisible power "field". Various means there are in the right field "toward the Centre of power for directional movement. Hence the "siege". Surround is objective and existent, in China, has the power to have around.


The greater the power, surrounded by more thick. .


An emperor around, there are three gongliu homes, countless maid (Tang dynasty Empress Palace for a maximum of up to tens of thousands of people), a myriad of eunuchs, countless Tiger until there is a sort of a warrior, and officials. The impregnable fortress, "I 've" enclosed in..


Gua Ren heart happy, we should go visit. But even if he really walked the fields, is also not true. As "below" the person familiar with the art of deceiving. All scenes are carefully arranged in advance, leak-happy. .


Mr. Lu Xun was of the view that "people should be separated from surrounding, China will have 50% may be saved. "Mr. therefore would like to make a copy of" surrounded by a new "," surround from law ". "But eventually couldn't figure out a way to".


I was very pessimistic, too, such as Fan Li as Lu Xun, China's most intelligent people actually can not think of a good way. .


Later I heard the Prime Minister of Sweden, without security go out to work by bus. Thought, the answer here, you can break the siege is..


Fourth Law, Law of the enemy quit. .


Tang dynasty Liu have an article entitled "the enemy" of the passage and its logic and ordinary common sense goes, rich in philosophy, is a perfect, transcribed below:.


Known to the enemy's hatred, but I do not know for the benefit of the particular; known to harm the enemy, but not a large for profit. Qin six countries, Jing Jing to strong; six countries not only removed,. .


Dan dan is dead. Yan Jin, Chu defeat suffering from a severe norms; not the whole making graphs. Meng Meng Sun Tsang, evil dead, the, Zang t-shirts, desperate and indiscriminate use of go every day of my death ". Smart know, pawn to dangerous, shen and modern man, has not. Keep the fear, the enemy.


Enemy to the dance, waste equipment from the surplus, only beneficial for the more. Keep off evil enemy, the enemy had to call. A position to approach this, Road name broadcast. Correctional disease grams of life, Jin-Zhuang violent death; indulgence does not quit, Yu Yi Mao-bandit. I have to quit poem, the diversity of thinking are. .


Ever the people are the enemies as a scourge, gravis, refuge, youlizhe eradication. But Yoo recognized as, an enemy is a good thing.


Mao Zedong on this essay highly. .


Mao Zedong's life, probably to his eyes, looking at history, why this passage lights?.


Ancient country from chaos to peace and order. Mao Zedong's rule is opposite. Class struggle, grasp the spirit, one by one movement, the whole of China Gaode in full swing, dire straits. Mao Zedong's philosophy of struggle is with the "enemy Caution," declared fit a certain philosophy? . .


Millennium, the large trees in all. Our oldest Empire, after thousands of years, has perished.


Comparison of Chinese history and the history of the West are very different. Europe, since the Roman Empire after the nations strive for hegemony, like us. .


Spring and autumn and warring States, countries, not through war. A country, where survival, it must be determined. Therefore, the main theme in Western culture is competition. Western political, philosophical, and the market.


Economy, have stressed that competition. In their film, game, filled with intense battle scenes. .


Our history and European entirely different, since the Qin's unification of the two thousand years later, almost always be a State alone, no country in the surrounding area of population and economic strength of the can and the Central Empire "of long, than right Jie t overload".


Without a strong enemy, the pressure loss of the external and internal decay naturally. Frontier did not hear horns, the whole merry. Since the Qin Dynasty after dynasty's history, a generation as a generation, the spirit of the whole society is being degraded. .


It is the historical environment of the long-term effects of the Chinese people established in the lounge, the timid fear xi, unsympathetic.


Chinese invented gunpowder, fireworks caused him for the celebration with entertainment. Westerners had him for weapons, the war mankind from the age of cold steel into the hot steel age. .


There is no competitive pressure, it will lose its innovative progress.


Today's world, Americans run wild world. Is a three wars (two hot wars and a cold war) created the Americans for "cross." .


Chinese people pay attention to the mean "," and "this is our philosophy, our tradition. Love peace is a good thing, but a prerequisite is not unlike a call came in, lost power.


I am not a fascist militants, for a class struggle that is hated. But I believe that Darwin's theory of evolution, "natural selection, survival of the fittest." We the Chinese nation to truly stand on its own among the nations of the world, we must overcome our inertia millennium, inspire the national spirit, calm face the challenges of today's world and competition. .


Liang Qichao advocated the young China said, "Qianlong Teng, squamous cell-claw flying; milk lion roars Valley, the beasts-agitation. "The voice of Thunder, shocking.


Fifth Law, Law clique. .


Sometime during the Tang dynasty to Li-taxis family origin officials formed a group to Li min, cattle monk's Imperial officials led by the Alliance faction, the two camps in the Imperial Court, criticize, Subversion up to 40 years, known as the Niu "crony controversy".


Chinese history, such a "party (faction) war," continuously. .


West Ham have waiqi, eunuchs, there is the Eastern Han dynasty, the Squire of talking with family dynasties, the bureaucrats had Liu Lidang, song "Yuanyou party people", that is, donglin party party, there are clearance in Mount party, party, party after the Emperor, the KMT in Whampoa, cc system, government departments, etc..


The DPRK generations have cliques, gangs, is a very historical phenomenon with Chinese characteristics. Clique phenomenon, has its social roots. .


Traditional Chinese society's greatest features is that he is a patriarchal society.


1 "Dream of Red Mansions", the underlying meaning, not a anti-feudal. "Dream of Red Mansions" with a Qijue touching love story, to me. .


With the ancient patriarchal social structure and operation of basic characteristics. Wing Fu Ning II, is a large family (the clan). Like a tree, trunk and side branches. "Parental alienation between not, not illegal. "Orderly. Jia Wang Shi.


Xue, four big families, who rely each other, forming forces. More royal, dignitaries, and each other back care. Constitute a complex system of intertwined. Only clear the context in which only then read the "Red House. .


Dream ".


One of the characteristics of Chinese patriarchal society is deep-rooted. .


A man standing in the community, are not isolated. In his surroundings there are all kinds of relationship, kinship, hsiang, classmates, teachers and students (swindler) relationship, relationship, relationships between colleagues and comrades and friends, relations, relationship, gay gang (road) relations, etc..


These relationships constitute a person's social resources. Smart people, operating well, promising. .


Whether Office there, wandering away, unable to see the Chinese people are busy ganged up on. Like hard-spiders, weave their own network.


Network, the more solid, to capture the more. .


Now play the corrupt officials must understand that corrupt officials behind the umbrella, after about how hard the inveterate relations. Otherwise the corrupt officials not to and instead has poked a stabbed Hornet's nest.


For China's clique phenomenon, since ancient times, there are two different views were mixed. Negative view of people think that "cronyism." Song Ouyang Xiu is that the "villain no friends (party), but there the gentleman.". .


The action of a feather flock together. "Because of the social and historical reasons, the Chinese people often become sectarian, very natural, it is a kind of objective existence of social phenomena. Many people are very taboo, Dodge, talking about it. ..


Such as Mao Zedong and Marxist, has openly admitted that "no outside party, imperial ideology; party or faction, strange.". .


But the Japanese one, their political internal it into different factions, public events, and perks. This is one of Japan's domestic political characteristics.


Sixth Law, Law Is. .


The so-called "zongxi" by Mr. Huang Qin based views of some historical laws. On the emperor.


States since the millennium "by" and Tax Reform "solve" the burdens on the peasants. "Previous aim of the reform is good, the original intention of the reformers is to pass" and tax "approach to reduce the burden on peasants. Once again the reform, Agriculture..


The burden of the people, but rather than alleviate growing worse. Huang zongxi referred to as "the accumulation of".


Common-sense point of view, is somewhat strange. Reformers such as Wang, poems written an excellent, full of wisdom, how will continued to be repeated to make some simple mistakes? . .


China's farmers have their own interpretation. In rural areas generally going around saying, "above the Scriptures are following these twisted monk to jingnian Askew. " 。.


How twisted and misrepresented by the study should be distorted? Test for two reasons. First, the level of bad monks, not the Scriptures; second, monk should intentionally by ideas. I thought the latter case the majority. .


Mr. NG in its blood pay law book Ming officials whose salaries are too low, the necessary expenditure together higher than the salary income. Mr. NG, compared with other various dynasties, Ming officials salary is low. Although the Ming officials salary is low, there is still a receive pensions, Wang Mang, officials from the Imperial Court in, the salary is zero.


Reading the history of reading here, feel very interesting. Officials not to pay, we should allow them to Hexibeifeng? Since ancient times, the people have Hexibeifeng not provide Hexibeifeng officials. .


As a result of Wang Mang's period as a result of zero official salary policies. Since the Court not to pay, they had to resolve itself, just the excuse that you have plundered.


In our implementation of the reform measures, a situation often encountered is that "two hot, intermediate cold." Intermediate heat is not up as it goes. .


The seventeenth-century English philosopher Thomas Hobbes ' view, people are selfish, everyone is trying to maintain their own lives. This "save yourself" (Selfpreservation) is the driving force of all.


Selfpreservation, a good word, everyone Selfpreservation. I thought, since everyone would Selfpreservation, officials of Selfpreservation is natural, justifiable. .


Why monks to jingnian crooked? why intermediate heat up in the middle of a both because?, officials believe that reform of Selfpreservation.


To Selfpreservation officials to support their farmers to reduce the burden, this is a typical logical paradox. .


In this paradox, the most critical is a farmer and a dependent relationship between the officials, if removing this kind of relationship that is the paradox. Alternatively, reduce, by the central financial compensation to officials, the two parties do not suffer, "intermediate" there is no reason to cool down.


Wang's political reform, very careful, as the "Green Shoots Law" and the like, carefully read its contents, is indeed very thoughtful consideration for farmers. Curiously, this deep thinking, the last but angered resentment. .


The officials and aides in the one done against the ghost, put a good thing to mess.


Mr. Wu Si-called "hidden rules", the mischief is the official art of petty officials who. Officials play tricks with surgery, they not only "hidden rules", and sometimes even more blatant, no rules, arbitrary. If people said, "Monk umbrella, can not be (made) no days.". .


There are two levels of questions, a monk to eat, a monk would really have certain connection. Monk, food is normal, it is legitimate, do not give their meals, or eat the meal, they would go to the "one".


Chinese history, there have been many times political reform, not much success. An important question is "difficult to implement." Good law, good policy, to lower officials in the hands, often taking the sample. Critics often target middle and lower officials. Although I thought the middle link in the chain, but in the above source. The surface is a "difficulty in enforcement" problem, is actually a design problem. .


A policy (for example, "the young law"), but also should be equipped with a good road map ". In this "road map".


, It must be the "monk to the food problem" and "monks umbrella issue" on the agenda. Not considered and the importance of "Monk" issue, a good policy on this moment. Or we say, a good designer, to him. .


Design of good policies implemented smoothly, you must first put the "monk", otherwise, "zongxi" will recur.


Seventh Law, Law V and chop. .


1856-1860, Taiping army twice to break the siege of tianjing Qing army camp in Jiangnan, Jiangbei, achieving victory.


It was said that while the battle won, but the objective is to help the Qing court's busy. Why do I say? . .


Stationed in the South, North Camp is Qing dynasty "elite" of eight and the green army. Green-camp soldiers "archery, arrows, galloping horse hair deficiency;, people fell. "Eight is more corrupt and incompetent. Two camp defeat, Qing Xiang Army major reversal.


Manchu soldiers into the year off, really, "armored iron railings, air swallowing thousands of miles like a tiger." Why did only ferocious tiger would become such a bear-like? . .


Spoon, always difficult to sustain the rule of the Chinese history. Mencius said, "gentleman's Ze, v and chopped. "A good man, a good seat, earned a large family, he's going qianqiuwandai. But the v and the chopper, the gentleman's dream will be harsh reality the smash.


People say, even a wet blanket. They said, "Rich, three generations." .


Fifth, the third generation, poor and rich, is in constant transformation. Maybe this is a kind of natural, natural justice.


Why can not the rich, Hang Fu? The reason for the spendthrift rich people, I think four reasons:. .


One said, "pride".


Banners soldiers crossed the border, full of people to become president Zhi class, privileged. Banners are not children of a farmer, the second does not work, on the Han Chinese have a strong sense of superiority. .


By "arrogant" and "horizontal", relying on the structures and the nobles who battle of privileges, tyranny is bullied by men.


Dream of Xue Pan, killing human life, and looting the girl, walk away. Ancient law, not only "punishment is not the doctor," and also "punishment is not the doctor's son." .


The second said, "luxury".


Banners soldiers crossed the border, wantonly looting. Many people in the war amassed wealth. .


Westerners have wealth, would take him to the capital, the constant value. Our China rich compared to the absence of such an initiative, in particular, some new expensive, there is a kind of upstarts like each other, very humbly, and embezzlement. Like "rituals and dispute Hao Wang Kai" such a thing, it is a kind of epidemic, endemic to the present day.


Thicket of rich kids born in Fairview, monasteries and the squandering of their comparisons, it is discerned. .


This is the fifth of eight children, juveniles and tombs.


The third is "obscene." .


The ancients warned us, "wealth cannot be obscene. "Here" obscene "character, but confusing and indulgence.


Reason for this caution, because the rich can confuse people, people indulge. Usually we say, fed and warm, think lust. Or, as is now said, the money men a bad school. Generate more money to make people desire. The outside world is full of temptation. The desire to encounter within the external temptations, the two together for a shoot on. .


Mature man cannot resist the temptations of the community, how the child restraint than men?.


Si Yue "Yi." .


"Learn the chemical as a good father. "This sentence is widely spread.


Good father is very useful, he can help us into a good university, to get our good work, helping us into high society, had easy life. But the good father has side effects, he has lost the spirit of arduous struggle. In this competitive society, once lost a good father, a beautiful ivory tower would be knockout. .


China's rapid economic development, more rich, wealthy sons how to 1945, has become a problem. To resolve the issue, our Scion of scholars is a prescription to two words: "strengthening education". As Americans, pay attention to cultivate their self-sufficiency and pride in spirit. It is said that their side millionaire kids will use holiday region.


Some reach for extravagance and dissipation, is not no education, he has a profound social and historical background. It is that kind of society, as the tradition of birth as the evil creature. Reach for extravagance and dissipation, there is a social problem. .


Some people wrote, a flourishing industry of Shanxi merchants up to two hundred years, broke the "rich but the law of three generations". Family business succession two hundred years, really great. But after two hundred years?.


"Old Wang Xietang before the swallow, flying into the homes of ordinary people.". .


The eighth principle, entitled to big bullying primary law.


This topic is a book I have entitled "Chiang party truth" of the book seems to. .


The book says, Quan Chen Yuan at the end of the Qing dynasty, the Qing Empire gave the right to personal "big bully. Chiang Kai-shek from this lesson.


The "imperial under the operation" is secretly supporting and instigating the various factions and the hills (Whampoa Department, cc Department of Administration Department) struggle between the factions fight each other, clamp, where the need to seek support from the Chiang Kai-shek, Chiang was beyond the parties on top of a can. .


Shake the Supreme Leader, and so on. (Early reading books, impression very blurred. ） 。.


Thousands of years of Chinese history, there is a Gordian knot has plagued successive politicians, that is, "the right of the big bullying the Lord." .


The history of the "right to big bullying main" thing. Chu King son ', forced King suicide; Wu Fu-send specially called the assassination of the late Western Han Wong Wing; have reigned in Han, Jin Wang Mang; Princes "eight"; there are three Kingdoms period, the Sima Zhao Cao; sui has abandoned yangguang shifu kills;-Min Tang has "change of Xuanwu Gate"; there are just Kuangyin "song"; Ming Zhu di "are difficult to" change of Jing, etc..


In the feudal dynasty, there are two major bids for the. A Game in the Emperor and Crown Prince (Prince), with the other game in Wong. .


Between the Emperor and Quan Chen. The Emperor and the Crown Prince, child, also for the sake of power and death xiangbo. Tigress haven't Gallic, Dewar's family, but it will play parent kills child, brother or child shifu, the tragedy of cannibalism. The Emperor and Quan Chen.


Untold resentment among more. "Gong battle-day," monarchical power and more power with power, Dukes or eunuchs without authorization, Chodo and the Royal Palace has always been trickery and conspiracy of the drill field. Crown Prince and the powerful minister is the most dangerous man in history. .


Said that they risk because they exist in and of itself is a threat to the power of the monarch, they themselves are therefore always in danger. This dangerous situation sometimes evolve into crisis, or even taking a major upheaval.


How to prevent the "big power bullying the main" political science in ancient China, one of the biggest issues. .


My specialty is the horticulture ". We have references to the top edge. When a tree branch on a central stem higher than the center stem, its growth potential will be strong in the Central stem, and eventually replaced.


Instead, because "growth potential" of the contrast changes, and finally become "top-." In the Empire Chodo, when the emperor and his courtiers, "power" of the contrast is changed, there will be "replaced." Like the natural world and human society, the competition of the ever-dominant position there, everywhere. .


Xiang Yu see Shihuang ceremonial, said that "he is preferable to replace it. Liu Bang then said, "whoever does when so also. "I think the crowd.


Students should be the envy of the center not only the two men. People often say, "Da Jiangshan, who rule the country." What "sit"? "Sit" is to enjoy. Bring a cake to give a hungry poor man, poor man would "enjoy" given to him. .


Of food. An emperor, his "enjoy" is not a pie, the emperor has built the "exalted position", "enjoy" the entire country. Countless number of beautiful Belle, and various treasures, fit for a King. In this way.


The "access" are truly envy of the world? . .


At present, the authority is called a "public authority", that "sovereignty", the ancient people's concept is completely different, they say, "..


Days under the king Could soil. "Face in the crowd just a bunch of docile sheep, the emperor and the officials in the Executive bullwhip whipping the world, they are the shepherds. All the authority vested in President Zhi who was the ruler's private property. It is this Right..


Force private properties, which led to endless fighting. Like a Golden Apple, be they tugging. "High-only quick" from a pool of steal it, and then sit the world ", enjoy the country as a whole.


Western capitalism has fight, they fight for the money, materialistic, we call "money worship." .


China's traditional culture and Western culture is very different, more seriously, the Chinese people. With power and there was everything that I called "chauvinism".


It is often said, Eat Drink Man Woman, who is also great desire. The desire of people, could only only appetite and sexual desire? ** Time, I feel the people. .


There was also a desire to surpass the appetite and libido. As thirst that can't wait, so desperate, that the shame, unscrupulous, death, and relentless as the heart, the heart to heart, just to read.


Power, this is "the desire for power." On earth there could be such a thing, so strong, so I was surprised,. .


Ancient powers private properties, but also in traditional Chinese culture "chauvinism", overlay, in Chinese history on the stage, performing a after bloody thriller.


Another reason leading to "the right of the main big bully," someone called it "the power structure is not stable." .


《Zuo cloud "so that public officials wangchen male doctor, Dr. Chen Shi, Shi Chen-Yu Chen and SOAP, SOAP, Yu-Chen belong, in keeping with memorials, wing attendants, servants Chen. " 。.


This statement, clearly outlining the basic structure of feudal society. Its main feature is "a pressure level", forming a kind of pressure - and stability. .


Structure. The stability of the whole system depends on the pressure gradient, the more we went right to work, the greater the pressure. According to the writings of doctrine, in this kind of pressure on the top of the Kings of the structure, you must have a strong potential (to.


Potential pressure), the king lost his "potential", the entire pressure system will collapse. General founding monarch, familiar tricks, with an iron fist, with a strong "potential", the following were proactive in their "power" and not a non-per. .


Think about it. This kind of terror and "potential", followed by people who are even worse, like responding to this stunning Jin Kui idiot, or like it throne of Emperor Pu yi juvenile Emperor, "potential" ceased to exist, then the top.


Dry, "" big power bullying master, "" place. ".


The right big bullying main "is a feudal society always difficult issue unresolved.


Law IX, the law fur. .


"The hair adhere is attached. These words, written by a Chinese intellectuals Millennium from the pain of the Millennium.


Since the Qin Shi Huang unified China, China's intellectuals have become "Mao." .


"Hair" is what, odor and taste of. Detract from the fact that it had, how to be a "gross"?.


Before Qin, Wen people have had a wonderful time. They headed for the line, and travel around the world, these ideas are very romantic. That time. .


"He who" pretended that wonderful belongs only to their own, unique. They carry it around the world. They have to use your own thoughts to convince all over the world. Their ideas like a volley of tianma, high.


Distant and magical. The philosophers, (3?) 'Education and extremely poor, every school is a living fountain, spewing out. Springs converge, the sea, stirring emotions. .


Qin later writers, their "go" in the first person of Scripture and doctrine, they recite poems are all others thought piece. Man, people have no idea, lose, Creek, fountain is completely dry. Tianma, only a remnant of dependence upon the wind shaking "gross".


During the Cultural Revolution, one of my friends told me he was thinking and writing a truly "independent opinion", and the other is completely. .


Different beasts. I asked him, "said Lin Biao, * sanctionour States, the need for a unifying ideology. This mean? it is said that all people, should be consolidated, and finally can have only one idea.


Mao Zedong's Thought. You do not speak unity, and have actually to be independent, you are impatient to live? If you write the article is to explain a person's thinking, what it called 'independent opinion'? "My friends I am truly confused, we did not write..


His article "big guy".


Emperor of the times there have been a number of scholars living impatient, they dedicated to "stands apart," refuses to unity, and later were sent to the emperor, "pit" into the well. Since then, the paper learned that people are good, know that "pit" of the powerful, consciously safeguard the "unity", not the independence of the downtown. .


Lin Biao, contains some philosophy. We are so large, if everyone's sake, who being, of 100 Pak, controversial, not disarray? thousand Gong, set in stone. Not set in stone, and a thousand gongs will beat out the sound of miscellaneous pile.


I thought the First Emperor unified China, he made the most important thing is the unity of the Chinese people's thinking. However, this is really very big. "Axle, and the writing," done is not difficult. And make these very stubborn scholars unity of thinking, not the emperor's bold vision, but also difficult to play the effect. .


But the Emperor's approach too bloody, roundly, referred to as "hegemony". To the use of sui, advanced way.


Many no longer use the "hegemony" and use "benevolent." If the Emperor used the "big stick" policy, after the Tang Dynasty is more a "carrot" policy. Application examination of the way, so that those born in Noble, or a poor family of. .


Scholars who have their order. Gu Yanwu said, "eight, is in the books. "That is the" carrot "policy effectiveness and progressiveness.


Whether "big stick" or "carrot", are only external. The intellectuals to "feathers" are the internal factors. .


Some say intellectuals is a social conscience. I think this statement is not accurate, at least we can say in China.


If we want to define the intellectual conscience of the community, the majority of Chinese scholars will be excluded. .


Many people don't like the word "author", even thought he was a. "Scholars" to get rid of the "text", he and ordinary.


Were not any big difference. Have the same emotions, same to be worldly air. The country were placed under a feast for him, the "treasure to be found", "Golden House", "1000 cup corn," How can they refuse? Naturally there will be. ".


Study skills-written and Kings of cargo ". This is logical. Of course, scholars and ordinary people still have little difference, their utilitarian mind than ordinary people. These are writers became notorious "Mao".


In the "internal" and "external causes" of the dual role, China's intellectuals have become "Mao." This change stems from a kind of force majeure, it becomes a law. This is the fate of Chinese intellectuals, the Millennium does not change, all people, no can escape. .


Manhattan, only a thought that Europeans do not do so, we Chinese people did it, this is something to be proud of. But the world.


Coin has two sides, 有利必有弊, our results have to be split in two. Intellectuals have become "gross", attached to "skin" on top, of course, very good. Is lost from these ideas, "Mao" generated. .


As Lord, Rousseau such thinkers as well as such as Newton, Einstein, summary of scientists. After falling behind in the late Qing dynasty and beaten, it seems, is a historical necessity.


10th law of the gun barrel out of the power law (not to say). .


Men, I when the electronic engineer is more than ten years, not too likely, looked around, saw several promising, recalling the engineer career! emotion, willing to say a few words out heart child, but also to our brother girl were forewarned that they were better than us!.


. .


[1] make your own way, don't follow! personal ideal decision-making arrangements, most people don't expect to become a fellow of the Professor or anything, but rather want to live in moist, cool. Then, you need to.


To carefully arrange their own path. Industry from which to start, gradually understanding the industry, do not frequently change jobs, especially not for little pay and shift positions, in the long run, this money did not matter, when you right. .


An industry so a few years of experience in the future the money is not a problem. Frequent upheaval is not the best, finally you have industry experience that will always be a novice!.


[2]. .


You can do, not dwelling on the technology. Never was occupied with studying technology! give yourself a great pressure, if your mind all over it, then you will be bound to a class of character Yiji! moderation for. ..


S, because the technology is only one of you in the future pillars of the future, but not the largest pillar, unless you are only willing to old or engineer! . .


[3].


Technical expert to do it, just do the overall quality expert! In business mix, we often look down on someone, that he "do not understand anything, Pingsha take so much money, Ping Sha promoted!" This is a general pedantry of a typical engineer. .


Statements. 8051 cattle? others looks bound to be his skill, but you didn't. Do you think about it, boss business for so many years, are seen as you recruit others maybe good management?, good at understanding.


Owner intent, good-sectoral coordination and so on. So be sure to develop their own capabilities in many aspects, including management, affinity, the wind blows ability, research ability, the overall quality to become a master, is promising, if only. .


Took at oscilloscope! technology skills other than it is more important for the United States from antiquity to the flair!!,! *.


[4] to pay more social part of everyday friends! Do not. .


Only and engineers have a common language for communication, thinking that, in fact, more importantly, and other characters in the communication, if you hope that one day when the boss or senior management, so you all face is that these people. Learn more about their experiences.


Habits of mind, love, learning to deal with problems of the model, to understand social phenomena and problems in every corner, which is great since the development of the capital, without which the future will be clumsy, stumbling, encountered numerous difficulties. .


Difficult, not less, greatly reducing the probability of success!.


[5] adopted the materials of knowledge are not necessarily experts but it must be wide! See more books in other areas, finance, accounting, import and export, tax, legal, etc., for the future to do some accumulation would be more useful later! Many will pay less fees! ! . .


。.


[6] to seize the opportunity to market to the technical aspects of management or changes! To have a future could not have been engaged in development, due to changes in the management or sales, the future will be even greater, before the technology did not engage in white-out, the future also. .


. Engage management can develop their leadership skills, engage in sales can develop their own market concepts and thinking of the future development of the accumulation of huge personal! it should be said that this is the future of real prop!!!.


. .


[7] gradually overcome their weaknesses and character flawed heart! suspicious, sensitivity, naive (derogatory, not cute), hesitant and timid, shy.


Thin, the heart is not enough black, dogmatic thinking. Pervasive weaknesses in the character of the engineers must change! Difficult? Not only in bed and think about it, of course, go and keep friends, one month stall, Baozhun effective, to practice. .


But don't just think about it! does not overcome these shortcomings, it is not possible, even when the project manager is not good – although you may technology good!.


[8] to work with. .


Time to prepare for the future! to create their own working environment! configure themselves early on in a work environment, equipped with computers, oscilloscope (you can buy a second hand), emulator, programmer, live amateurs can contact, on the one hand followed.


Touch the market, train the market feel, but also the accumulation of funds, more importantly, to prepare their products on, we engage in technology have no money, only the technology, technology, education and certificate on behalf of is not, but the product, produce a decent product, . .


To technology transfer and cooperation Enterprise! first things ready, waiting for the opportunity, otherwise, there is an opportunity to also catch!.


. .


[9] one must learn to be good at marketing since.


Already! Not only competent but also able to speak, and writing, good use of every opportunity to market themselves and establish their brand image, it is necessary! To create the conditions for people to understand themselves, otherwise how do you know your competent boss? Outside investment. .


-How do people believe you? sells himself earlier, opportunities will come to you! get a personal home page is a good idea to develop your own!!, especially in industry fame and prestige, high-opportunity self-evident, it is more important.


Is that there are opportunities for cooperation .... .


[10] afire would never release! may be 100% sure conditions are almost sure to boldly, to run their own businesses, do not hesitate, do not hesitate, do not always succeed, but at least the next shock, not forever, but a necessity to failure. Not experience practicing Rainbow, nobody can casually success!.


Transfer from: http://www. . Neworiental. .org / backoffice / news / viewnews. . Asp? Id = 29995. .


Success: listening to English weather report.


Some teaching beginners to learn to tie tapes, deliberately slow down, which is the training of listening is not enough. If you listen to normal speech rate in English, beginners will feel powerless. English weather report, speedily, but words are simple fixed, the content simple, repeated the possibility of large, but in life we can verify at any time, is started hearing good material. .


The second Tip: listen to CRI English broadcast.


CRI (China Radio..


International) every morning from 7: 00 – 8: 00 a.m., noon and 11: 00 – 12: 00 each hour English program. Includes a collection of domestic and foreign news, newspaper cuttings and various departments.


Out of the cover story. In addition to the standard of English fluency as a radio announcer outside the domestic but also to aliens or visitors to do on a topic and recording access. Extensive, but simple words, speed is moderate, can take this training. .


Practice or improve English listening.


The third tip: use of cassette tape listening and speaking exercises. .


Some learners, always used to read a book while listening to a tape, the tape as a reading aid, so that not to exercise the purpose of the hearing. Cassette tapes.


Training should be mainly based on listening and speaking ability. Learners and their ability to choose suitable hearing the tape, not anxious to avoid psychological setback. First listen to the tapes repeatedly content, at first only to seize the sketch, listen to a few. .


After understanding the details. Listening to poor people, you can read the text, and then focus on understanding each of each segment. This practice helps develop attention while listening, listening to you quickly.


Progress. .


Fourth tips: listen to the normal speed of English in order to accelerate the progress of the hearing.


Many radio teaching and listening materials are always in line with the degree of audience or learners intentionally slow down, Although this is understandable. .


Workaround, but it will give rise to some undesirable side effects. For example: 1. familiar speed slowdown in English, the actual communication with foreigners, it is difficult to adapt or even use their normal speed to speak English. 2.


Deliberately slow down time, usually one in each word read out clearly, but in a normal session would be a lot of assimilation (assimilation), reduced (reduction), even tone. .


(Liaision) phenomenon. Therefore, listen to the speed of normal English for the hearing and the session is extremely important.


Fifth tips: from TV, movies, and learn English. .


Watch TV and movies can not only learn about Western culture and life, but also learn English and improving listening. Selection of shadow.


Film is best as the background of modern life dramas or comedies. If you are hearing is true, we should cultivate the habit of not read the subtitles. To a lesser degree of respect not to force themselves, or English studies Fandao destroyed not enjoy a good movie. .


In the mood. In this case, you can look at the title to understand the plot (if it is a television program that must be recorded), then look for one to a few times, your hearing may be easy, as you know, the storyline.


Rapidly. .


The sixth Tip: and friends show movie plot.


In English, we often friends or classmates with similar conversation in English to improve their English conversation skills, but often feel that their language was poor in the talks. .


Capacity is limited. Now try this method: tie front section talks about "from the TV, film and learn English," the first basis for an excerpt from the film plot one or more clips, personal, and then select a role in the movie look after trying. prepared.


With the transcription into text lines and back down, at last rehearsal performances. Often do this exercise not only good for English conversation and listening, grammar and writing but also good exercise. .


7 keys to success: reading English poetry.


Fluency in English is correct depends on the rhythm master. English is accented by words and sentences to sub-paced. English poetry is the best material to practice the rhythm of English. Cases. .


Such as The famous "Worsworth Daffodils" (Daffodil): "I wandered lonely as a cloud/That.


floats. .


On high er o "vales and hills ..." (I'm lonely as a cloud o'er Valley and the mountains ...) is typical of weak and strong rhythm. Reading aloud after cropping, must benefit from.


Eighth Tips: sing to learn English. .


Than reading English poem more effective is to sing English songs. Songs can help you practice pronunciation (pronunciation), intonation.


(Intonation) and rhythm (rhythm), and can give you a very happy state of mind back to many of the words and sentences, really serve several purposes. English language selected the best and beautiful songs, grammar is. .


Gauge. At first you can start from a nursery rhyme, and then gradually learn to sing lyrical songs. Learn to sing before you want to add lyrics to read it over and over again and then follow the tape learn to sing, sing cooked after back better.


Ninth tips: do not pay particular attention to the pronunciation of Chinese. .


English pronunciation is Chinese in some, they are also our learners ' pronunciation of the most confusing, such as "th" sound, the sound you want to pay special attention to the correct lip synch.


10th Tip: recite famous speeches words, look for opportunities to repeat them. .


Good speech in force quit on the beautiful and not only with special emphasis on communication and persuasion, is the expression of best practise English textbook. Learners do not have to read the speech of recitation, as long as they like paragraph or sentence to back then. For example: Kennedy's famous "Ask not.


what. .


your country can do for you,ask what you can do for your。.


country. . "(Ask not what your country can do for you, ask what you can do for your country.) Kerry saying such wonderful words back after more, for speaking and writing will have a lot of help..


11 tips to: English tongue twister overcome the shortcomings of the pronunciation.


Tongue twisters (tongue twisters) often confused or read the wrong tone together. But because they often use songs or rhyming form, so time will find difficult to talk after the nice cooked. So English tongue twisters can be used as practice English pronunciation and conversation support materials. .


12 tips to remember: humor joke, ready to use.


Want to hear a joke is human nature, in social situations at any time of the plug a few jokes, you can make the atmosphere lively and more likely to win the friendship. Occasions to use English, but also to eliminate their use of speech joke uncomfortable, enhance their confidence in the ability of English conversation. .


Listen, speak and study English jokes still far more than the benefits. More importantly, you can take a humorous or joke in the streamlining of the text or language added on Western national cultural and social understanding. Consider the following two examples:.


1. . Teenager: "I" m off to the party. . "..


(Junior: "I want to go to the party." ）。.


Father: "Well, have a good time..". .


(Father: "I wish you happy. ”）。.


Teenager: "Look Dad, don" t tell me what to do! "..


(Juvenile: "Hey, Dad, don't tell me what to do. ”）。.


Ironically, some young people too much emphasis on the U.S. independent, headstrong personality. ). .


2。.The policeman stopped the driver and said,"I"m afraid your wife fell out your car about one kilometer back。."。.


"Thank..


godness,"said the driver,"I thought I had gone。.


deaf. . "(The police let the driver pull over and said to him:" Your wife fell from your car probably has a kilometer away the "." Thank God, "the driver said," I thought I had gone deaf . ") irony..


American wives of long tongue nagging.


13th Tip: Listen to the English, followed by repeating the mouth. .


Listen to the lecture in English, English television and movies, while listening to the ears, mouth and one repetition. This is conducive to attention, and increase understanding of content.


Understanding, can also mimic a native speaker of English people (native..


Speakers) pronunciation and intonation. To do this kind of practice, if the sentence is long and complex, without repetition, you can start with a shorter or more simple sentences. Exercise, there will be a habit. In addition a..


Kind of exercise is beneficial step interpretation (consecutive..


interpretation）。 To hear one by one into Chinese, listening, the correct interpretation and reaction capability is good exercise.


14th Tip: Practice reading, a lot of advantages. .


English learners tend to read aloud. In fact reading the magical effect of 1 large!.. exercise English pronunciation, intonation and rhythm; 2. make the pronunciation of oral.


Location flexible, improve speaking English fluently; 3. . To increase the ear to listen to English, to improve English listening; 4. . Fully applied to study four to: eyes, mouth, ears, rural villages - more than the silent reading time to remember. .


The reading materials. We can also say out loud is the fundamental practice session, no reading habits are hard to learn into session.


15th Tip: When reading from the practice behind the forward inference. .


Practice reading aloud, we sometimes find it difficult to be a long sentence reading fluency of the tongue. Such as President Reagan's second inaugural speech: "So.


we go forward today, a nation still mighty in its youth and powerful in. .


its。.


purpose. ., "(So we have to move forward. Our Minzu yet, consumers still young and has the power, by targeting and Jiang Da.) Experience this, we suggest you to read from the end of a word play, Meici forward plus..


One word. For example: "purpose," "... ... it ' s purpose" and "... in it" s "and" powerful in purpose.


its. .


purpose”。 This kind of backwards push reading contact method is designed to help you grasp the correct intonation. We know that the intonation of rise or fall at the end of the performance of the most obvious. This exercise allows you to read in every time.


Can be taken into account when the correct tone. .


16 Tips: read long sentences, phrases in "Paused".


In reading another issue that may arise is the punctuation. As long sentences can not be read at one go, often rapid or intermittent. .


Phenomenon, the sentence was read, very unnatural. It was also free to pause in the sentence, or break, they read them good musical sounds are correspondents. For example, the second President Reagan.


Any of his inaugural speech: "We must do what we know is right, and do it with all our..


might。.” (We must do what we know is right, but do. ) Must not be read into the "We must do what////we know/is.


right, / and do / it with all / out might. . "..


Long sentences in a short pause in order to reconcile the breath, this is a natural phenomenon, but the break.


Must be just right. Usually: 1. .


There are punctuation marks; 2. phrase or idea unit. Phrases, clauses, and so thought units must own a unit, but can be a brief pause between them. For example: "what We must do/.


we know is right, / and do it / with all your might. . (Slash to be slight pause between). .


17 tips: read for pleasure.


Read it slowly and study hard type of learning is not only dull, but results are often poor. If a hobby or even "entertainment" and read it, certainly interesting ounces. .


So, in the intangible in progress. For example: Jazz man read English Book Jazz than watching English textbooks for high efficiency. Similarly, like the car's introduction to the English-language books, cars like cooking.


Ning who introduced the car to see the English books, not only to meet their own preferences, but also improve their English skills and can really serve two purposes. .


If there is no particular interest that may wish to read the stories, the novels especially Detective can concentrate better, but there is a stretch. This is a fun way to learn.


18th Tips: Intensive and Extensive Reading in parallel. .


Intensive materials do not have to try the best selection of short stories, integrate the vocabulary, grammar, etc., all clear, and then read aloud, and finally to be able to write the reciting several times better.


One can take care of intensive reading and extensive reading approach, the material is read from the back to select some of the most beautiful time to be the most difficult to talk about intensive reading sentences. .


You should try to memorize, quiz yourself on the paragraph or sentence in session or application at the time of writing. Applications can also help them understand and remember.


19th Tip: read English newspapers and magazines. .


Newspaper and magazine publishing news vocabulary is the most modern, most practical. Often read English newspapers and magazines can be done through life, practical learning, and to rapidly increase your English ability.


Now. .


In the most common English newspaper China Daily (China Daily) and English (21st in the 21st century.


Century). If you hold increase vocabulary, improve their English reading ability to read the newspapers, do not be limited to the part you are interested. Best read newspaper columns and layout of each. Including news,. .


Editorial or advertising, etc. Worth mentioning is published in the English-language newspaper comic strip, not only to developing your sense of humor, and make you smile but can understand a country's cultural and social information. Proficiency in English a little.


Poor people can read the English newspaper the day before to see the Chinese newspaper, which is helpful to understand the English-language newspaper. .


In addition, you can use the newspaper to improve writing skills. Select an editorial (or one period or periods) to translate it into Chinese, quiz yourself on editorial understanding degree of precision. Then pour the translation translated back to English, and then from the original the those in the grammar and rhetoric to be improved. Through this exercise, you will be benefited.


Article Tips: for the time being forget about the dictionary. .


We read English novels or newspapers, you will encounter some new words. If you always stop the dictionary will be very spoilt, reading a book may be of interest. Therefore we recommend that you temporarily, you can sometimes forget the dictionary.


First, the choice of reading materials in English with your same level, so that you are interested. Browsing through a few pages, a look, if the above page you can read Bacheng can identify the book for you. .


Second, look at reading, do not hurry to the dictionary. First contact context guess, this is enough. So read, then go to the dictionary extensive research.


Read these books, you in more reading, speed reading. Classmates or friends may wish to borrow each other, you can save money, but also cultivate the habit of rapid reading. .


Twenty tips: look before you have to guess.


Learning a language should look up the dictionary, but it must be methodical. Here to talk about two things: First: Do not blindly search; second: Do not search too quickly; in other words, in the dictionary before the first think about, or even guess. .


A..


More people learning English, see the words in the article, grab a dictionary to check, the result is often the words are checked for each, and they can not read a whole sentence or whole meaning. If the dictionary before the first guess based on the context. .


View, and then open the dictionary, it's not about what to do. For example, (A) the sentence: "this small car Will negotiate that steep.


hill? "(car is able to turn the steep hill that you?) and (B) sentence:" I "m sorry.. Our bank doesn" t negotiate. .


foreign。.


checks. . "(Sorry, we do not cash foreign checks banks.) Appear negotiate, we can not select it under the majority of the first dictionary definition of" negotiation. "If you turn without thinking..


The dictionary is copied by this definition of "representations", this sentence will not be able to read and understand. Therefore, don't look in the dictionary are busy, you should, before and after the word, the entire paragraph to weighing its meaning, the dictionary confirmed a..


Next, sometimes even no need to look up the dictionary meaning becomes clear. This method has a good dictionary, because after the first guess, to the process, for the words with observation and analysis, very deep impression, and the dictionary later. .


You can easily remember the word.


The twenty-second tips: Do not just look up in the dictionary meaning. .


Many people in the dictionary the meaning only in order to understand that this can understand words in that sentence meaning and cannot actively acquire the vocabulary, let alone use.


Investigation. .


Dictionary in addition to identifying the appropriate definitions, but also find 1) pronunciation: reading the code words to remember, but also to use it. Definition of 2): a Word may have several, or dozens of definition. A look at the related.


The definition can be more extensive understanding of the word. 3) use and listen: You can listen from the dictionary learned the correct usage of the term. 4), antonyms, synonyms and parts of speech change. When taking into account many aspects of this dictionary can be. .


Enhance your understanding of the words, the words of memory and use the capabilities of new words.


23rd tips: more search several dictionaries and confirm each other, complement each other. .


From the above tips we can see that the dictionary does not only look at the words, but also pay attention to your pronunciation, usage, examples, Word changes (derivative words), synonyms, antonyms, discrimination, as well as the related vocabulary and so on, a small English-Chinese dictionary is not enough.


The best dictionary content of different preparations of larger than two, in order to confirm each other, complement each other. For example, some particularly large number of dictionary words included, and some dictionaries emphasis listen, and some emphasis on the phrase, and some dictionaries on the classification and description of sentence particularly clear, and some details of synonyms, antonyms and synonyms of the resolution so. Check a dictionary more often you can count on harvesting. .


Twenty tips: read out to remember in jail.


Remember the words of the first step is to read it out loud. Read the entire first sentence a few times, then read several times the word alone. Reading, in my mind to. .


According to its pronunciation to "depict" its glyphs. To do this exercise on a regular basis, as long as the mouth reading read the mind emerges the morphology of this word. Note You can see the whole words, rather than individual words.


Mother. At this stage, even if the mistakes of one or two letters does not matter, do not letter by letter on the back. .


Then, the eye away from the book, the whole sentence repetition serves as a one or two times, and then you're back. This memory can remember words..


25th Tip: checked the dictionary, after a moment together. .


Checked dictionary do not go together. Next time you look up another word, the spread of this page and then look for the words of the last check is to an effective review, often impressed you..


Some people like to check off the words one by one copy in a book and the back, as the review is available, but the effect I'm afraid not as good as from the article, dictionary, memorizing words so obvious. Because most of the words in the sentence can only be determined only mean it in isolation, it is difficult to remember the one, and secondly is often not even remember the application. .


Twenty tips: to nurture English language, please use a monolingual dictionary.


People who rely entirely on English dictionary, and sometimes can not find a precise definition of the word. Under the influence of the fuzzy concept, to say the words or write sentences are often ambiguous, evasive and even home made *** misunderstanding. .


G..


One way to serve this drawback is to use English-English dictionary. English-English dictionary often gives a more detailed and precise definition. Sometimes the literal meaning (denotation) is given in addition to its meaning. .


（connotation）。 Please see the following examples: sofa: English-Chinese dictionary is interpreted as "sofa". But it cannot tell us what the "sofa". Check the Collins Cobuild English Dictionary will be more clear.


Chu's impression: "a comfortable seat wide enough for two or three people to sit on..


"The original sofa for two or three people to sit Chair.


Of course, we can not say that English-English dictionary certainly better than the English-Chinese dictionary. English-Chinese dictionary has its convenient location, especially when we look at the flora and fauna or certain objects. .


Name, for example: "cockroach" and the word look up monolingual dictionary is "a large insect which lives in black.


dark wet placesand likes dirty. .


Houses "(a likes living in the dark, damp and dirty House black insects). This is an English Dictionary, "cockroach" at a glance.


27th Tip: use of prefixes and suffixes to expand vocabulary. .


Most of the English word is composed of the prefix, suffix and roots. The prefix, suffix understanding helps us remember words, thereby expanding our vocabulary.


Cases. .


E.g. respond (reaction), plus the suffix forming adjectives or nouns ent: reaction of the respondent or the respondent. Plus the er ence or as a noun.


respondence response and responder respondents. Into correspondence with the prefix co line, and communications. As can be seen from the above example, after learning the prefix and. .


Infix in increasing vocabulary and very helpful.


28th Tips: Keep Collocations in English. .


Each language has its own personality, and often cannot rely on a simple translation to form. English language learners with special attention to collocation.


(Collocation), was not to draw a tiger a dog commonly used words such as open, the Chinese translation is "open", but the expression of the Chinese to "open" can not be used to express the open. "Open the door, open the window." .


Is the door/window open, the "lights, turn on the radio" is turn on the light/radio, "" hold a meeting.


meeting, "Check" is write a check, but "bank account" is powerless, open an. .


account。 These match a little overwhelming to the beginner, but it reflects the linguistic characteristics, is also its flexible and interesting places.


29th Tip: the passive vocabulary into active vocabulary. .


Passive vocabulary (passive.


vocabulary) that you see to understand, recognize the words, while the active vocabulary (active..


Vocabulary) are you speaking and writing in the vocabulary. Proficiency in English better, and his more active vocabulary, in practice the more user-friendly so people who want to learn English as soon as he is.


Have passive vocabulary into active vocabulary. .


The principle of transformation is common (You must learn to use a word by using it). Optical recognition of words is not enough, make sure you read the examples, and then use the appropriate time (sessions, write, or even to herself, fantasize) use it, use a few times, you will learn the vocabulary.


30th Tip: Review with the free association method studied in words. .


Are waiting for a bus, and others boring moment, English words might be a very nice pastime. You can rely on the surroundings to trigger inspiration to play your "free association". This will build a brain, study English words, and can pass the time, it is one count.


For example: You see a girl wearing a blue dress, from the blue (blue) think of blues (Blues: Blues), bluebird (Robin) blue-bl. .


Ooded (nobility); or from blue red (red) think pink (Pink), crimson (Crimson), scarlet (scarlet) and so on. It can be said is a "historical descent on the sky," and let you feel fun.


31st Tips: Using life episode or social contingencies to learn English. .


We can also use the "Association" to some of life's episode. For example: you walk in the street, not small.


Heart sprained ankle. You can imagine how to express it in English. First, you will investigate Chinese-English Dictionary German know sprain is sprain, the ankle is the ankle. But you also need to check the English or English-English dictionary. .


Dictionary on the usage of these words in order to prevent misuse. Finally, you will write this sentence "I sprained my ankle this morning...".


From life will get some immediate sense of accomplishment, do not believe you give it a try! . .


Tips for 32nd: accumulated practical horror genre, finishing a card.


To improve their English conversation skills, increase vocabulary while effective way is to you from books, newspapers and magazines to see the wonderful article. .


Sentence copied down and made into cards. As needed, can be divided into politics, the economy, literature, art, sports, etc. Usually carry some idle time out back. In the session and writing often can really come in handy. It.


Is an effective way to increase vocabulary, it is good way to practice English skills. Your sentences do not have to long, sometimes short sentences more concise. .


33 tips: bring on the day of the occurrence, written in a diary in English.


Since that is the diary (diary), the best to write every day. Can write fluent English, or minor problems, can continue to keep a diary in English every day (keep a diary in English) is the most important. .


Day.


Recorded primarily for yourself, so you can more freely genre. For example (I got) up at six. . ((I) am up at six o'clock.) (I) went to the zoo. .


This afternoon. ((I) went to the Zoo this afternoon. ）（I was）bitten by a dog around。.


noon. . (About noon time (I) is a dog bit.) These sentences are the words in brackets can be omitted in the diary. Ruoyin time or otherwise unable to write sentences or paragraphs, even if only out. .


Some words are always better than not write well. The following is an essay written by relatively complete diary:.


It was already eight o "clock, and I..


was still on the bus to school。.I was sure to get into trouble with the。.


teacher. . I suddenly remembered she was going to test us. . I didn "t study..


at all since I slept too well last night。.Now what should I do?。.


When. .


I walked into the classroom,I looked out of the window。.The bees were。.


busy making honey from flowers. . The birds also were busy making nets. . The. .


sun was shining brightly。.As I saw this,a thought struck me:I wished to。.


leave the. .


school at once,to throw my books aside,and to hide in the。.


beautiful world of nature. . But I realized I could not do so. . If even the. .


bees and birds were so busy at work,then I,a human being,should be。.


ashamed of being idle. . I therefore changed my mind and faced the music. .


(Clock, but I also sat in the car to school. I know it will get criticized. Suddenly, I think, she wants to test us. Last night I slept soundly, there is no review. Now?.


Of. .


I, of the window. Bees are flora between busy collecting honey, birds or their nests in the busy, a bright sunlight. See it all, I suddenly had an idea. I wish I could get away from the classroom, throw it into the book.


One side, hiding the beautiful nature. But I realized that I can not do. Even the birds and the bees are busy at work, I, as a person, should be ashamed of doing nothing. So I changed the note. .


Italy, ready to accept criticism. ）。.


34th Tip: read the summary written in English. .


In today's society which, in English, notes, memos and more and more of a chance, especially in international trade or other international affairs who need to develop this ability.


This. .


English writing ability, to the efforts of accumulated bit by bit. We can put in work and leisure time reading to foreign literature, novels, stories, or English newspapers and magazines reported that summarize the contents of the comment. Try.


May not copy the original, but to use their English to understand the contents of the brief has been sorted out, then read it to parents, teachers, friends listen to. This summary can be found in the content is correct, whether their own pronunciation. .


Clearly, it is a kind of practice can be immediate, the arrangement for the mind and the text of the exercise was a great help.


35th Tip: the life experience written in English composition, or to do an oral presentation. .


Every Monday to twice, each time with a couple of hours a week to live or work experiences and feelings written as three 500 words of English composition. Discretion to modify, then recite, and when appropriate as a lecture to the students, serves as a colleague or friend.


The purpose of listening to others that one is to train their own courage, the other is to try their skills, so that others can see the full understanding of their meaning. To speak out, naturally pay attention to pronunciation, intonation, rhythm and other problems. .


You can also bring positive learning English classmates, colleagues or friends organized Alternately, take turns doing audience. After you have finished, one in English. There is a theme done Center makes conversation practice content specific and substantial in a free discussion on empty far away (free talk). Insist on doing such a week of exercises, and a year later, in speaking and writing abilities will be.


36th Tip: always thinking in English, with English records. .


English level is good or bad, is if you can work in everyday life or in arbitrary English listening, speaking, reading and writing of the four skills. While the four skills of root is the ability to think in English.


For. .


To think in English is not an overnight thing. The most important to develop the habit of thinking in English. We must live in for. For example, when we walk, or queued buy tickets when you can see things that you hear.


Talk or think of using English in daily life that are expressed in the brain. If not complete sentences, using words or phrases can be. Environmental permitting, credited them notebooks. .


Such exercises are most in need of attention, is from the Chinese translation of the program. Want to see, hear, think of the English record directly. This is a reflection on the habits of English as a first step.


37th Tip: for a knocker. .


For the sake of their own to learn English, sometimes in order to help others learn English, have to be picky about. Roadside billboards, etc..


The statement, in the publisher's advertising flyer, as long as is written in English can pay attention to see if I could pick out the error. This will help train your habit of careful and accurate. Hit areas of doubt might copy. .


Recorded, and teachers, and friends to discuss. Of course if you make an error in the error correction is the additional gain.


38th tip: Always remember that from listening, reading, the transition to speaking and writing. .


China's national people's Congress are more subtle silence, generally like to listen to, say, like reading, writing in psychology. Even in English class, also tend to be few students at remarks, most just listen. This kind of psychological if you do not break, it is difficult to learn more.


So psychologically to have a proactive attitude, always remind yourself that listening and reading and writing to prepare. Listening to tapes, radio, or listening to people talk, to hold a high level of interest and curiosity of the psychological, at any time to find You doubt the Defang, with English Tichuwenti, then envisage Keneng the answer. If you do not agree to hear their views, but also try to express their views in English. .


After reading an article, try to write down the essentials of English, if possible, write a few words on this article. This exercise can be passive (passive) into active (active), input (input) into the output (output).


39th Tip: in search of material from foreign superstition. .


Learning English and Anglo-American persons must be life and culture, to learn depth. Learn English-speaking countries of superstition and legends is the English use of effective and fun way.


On. .


Like the ocean, like the Chinese superstition superstitious aliens *** and way of life are deeply rooted. For example, the old saw friends will quickly said "sneezing Gesundheit" or "bless (God).


you. . ", This is" God bless "means. Because according to ancient legend of the West, sneezing, emitting atmosphere, even the soul will run away together, of course, require a human life, God bless..


And like the English often clumsy people say "You should" ve kissed the Blarney Stone "(you should Kiss Brad ruicheng that stone). In Ireland there are blocks of Blarney Stone, it is said that as long as this stone kiss on the mouth stupid, stupid man becomes the tongue.


Anglo-American person, one said, "My ears are buring.." (My ears heat up.) Said it was behind the rumors. "He has an itching hand..


/Palm) (his palms itch. It means that this person) and insatiable.


Smoke when they fire, two people often put out fire after fire smoke, and a third point again, because there are "Three on a match is bad luck.." (Three shared a match would be bad luck. ) superstition. There are many superstitions abound. .


Collect and study these superstitious or legend, not only can increase the depth of understanding of English, but also to increase the interest in learning English.


40th Tip: familiar with the sports terminology to help communicate with foreigners. .


Americans like sports, and also love to see a variety of sports competitions, like the American.


football (American football), baseball (baseball), tennis (tennis), basketball (basketball), boxing (Boxing) are popular sports. .


Project. Various competitions news often become old friends topic such as new year's day in several regions across the country held a college football game (bowl.


games, such as cotton in Texas Dallas Cup Cotton Bowl, Pasadena California Rose Cup Rose. .


Bowl, is almost a national spotlight news). Some of the original terms of the movement, such as "hit and run" (hit, driving people to run), "to go.


bat "(pinch, now the idea was to help people ride out the storm), etc. have now become commonly used words..


Pay more attention to the issue of terminology is capable of moving conversation material, especially for those who want to study in the United States is all the more necessary for men.


41st tips: Do not demanding perfection of their own. .


The pursuit of perfection, this is commendable. Learning English people always want to be able to achieve the correct proportions. But in the process of learning English, it should be the "perfect" as one of the objectives pursued by the future without having to let it become set in shackles.


Self. .


His practice, although feasible are correct, but also to bear his own and others ' mistakes. Some students complained that their teacher because highly, they began to exercise was corrected pieces and let them more.


Learn more do not have confidence. Overkill on their own or someone else will instead have the opposite effect, and language learning, particularly, since language skills sentiment is large. .


In the language of the application, it may be to Groove.


Through the first goal. Can understand each other's words, but also allow the other party to understand their intended meaning, there is an initial success. Even speak haltingly, with fragmented sentences are much better than open my mouth. Broken heart. .


Joint disorder, build confidence in communicating in English, and then continue the pursuit of elegance. When you say yourself, write bad fakes, please remember that: "Every learner is.


entitled to make mistakes. . "Studying people who have the right to make mistakes..


42 tips: creative, try to do more.


41 tips mentioned above can be said is to life, practical learning methods. People who wish to learn English, can be measured by local conditions. .


Select a few of them to exercise their own. Can also be creative, try to find another suitable for their own learning methods. Learning a language is an art, it is also a process of continual self-transcendence, at any point can be started.


Can break at any point. As long as you hold dedication, perseverance and courage to try, together with guidelines for good teaching materials, will be a successful day! ! (Internship Editor: Xia root construction). .


26 February 2005.


Country scientists. .


In the face of so much young talent in the field of natural science, I do not know the story will not be beneficial to everyone, am very worried. But I do not therefore took to the stage, because I want to say what a feeling, inside the topic: "the scientific workers of the motherland".


No. .


What's the "American style" or "Chinese characteristics" of scientific knowledge. Science has no national boundaries, and scientific knowledge is shared. Today, scientists often transnational work, becoming the current human society, the most international of a group.


Body, is the vanguard of globalization. So, scientists seem to be gradually weakened identification with our motherland. However, we know the old saying: "Science without borders, scientists have motherland." Well, today's scientists also. .


Need the motherland?.


1. Scientists of national identity. .


Scientists need to agree the motherland? it depends on which country you are scientists. In our Western-dominated era, as long as the students to the Chinese science workers, even if his actively want to forget about the motherland, and it is not easy.


I. .


In the United States while reading a mainland roommate, reading materials, is the oldest of the Ministry of education of students is one of the elite of the elite. However, before the thirty years in the Republic, his family life in a very difficult time.


Rare urban poor. Dray pulled by his father to support his wife and six children. There is only a child he read the university. He United States soon after to Christianity, and soon began to fierce criticism of their country, criticism of that management. .


Poor and do not believe in God's country. His doctoral thesis on ceramic material, it is the most sophisticated materials, but he has long after graduation to work could not be found. Advanced ceramic materials research, in our words, is. ..


"Security business", not foreigners gain a foothold. Although he did not like the motherland, but not by the U.S. government's "safety checks" (security..


clearance）。 Later, he gave a small company doing lab technician, earned at University when teaching assistant wages per hour in less than ten dollars. Still later, he gave up his beloved profession, switch to the chip industry.


Factory quality inspector, pay only with the corresponding rise in IT industry. It was kind of ordinary and peaceful life in America, he will never become an expert on ceramics. .


As the American universities of material science, if return of ceramic materials, there is no security clearance question, he could become the country's most outstanding ceramic material expert.


Not. .


Chinese mainland people? forty years ago in 1964, Mr. Young Lee and left was disappointing in Taiwan, the United States, reading, PhD. He very well after graduation to work in the United States, as was found.


Nuclear experts, the U.S. Department of Energy's Los Alamos National Laboratory, where it became one of the scientists by the support of the elite. That is the most advanced laboratories of the United States. Lee recognized the United States, love this to the. .


He is a new opportunity and prosperity of the motherland. In this new country, he likes to play soccer, backcountry, or a good husbands, good father. He also regularly participate in academic activities, even in the United States Government's support, to make the base of China.


Scientific basis of academic reports, academic exchanges. He is American, but after all is the Chinese people. Hope in their home country circles, recognition and respect, is human nature. Each of his trip to Beijing, and both the United States intelligence. .


News agencies, the understanding of China's nuclear experts and nuclear research task, and each time you return to the United States are reporting to intelligence agencies. There are reports that his wife had a US intelligence agencies of collaborators. However, the '.


Late because of the rapid rise of China, the United States right off the anti-China wave, which is one of the main accusations that China stole U.S. nuclear weapons technology. U.S. intelligence agencies concluded that China has clearly micro-nuclear warheads. .


Type of Chinese people are not likely to invent such technologies, unless it is stealing from the United States. But they can't find Chinese stealing technology. Thus, the Chinese nuclear Mr Lee became the United States intelligence agencies the desire for sin.


Sheep. Lee is not of weapons design. On weapons design, he is a layman. In late 1999, he was arrested because of unwarranted charges, but was immediately expelled from his twenty years of laboratory work, also. .


Lost their pensions. FBI threatened that if he does not "recognized" as the Chinese spies, as executed Rosenberg used up his (Rosenberg couples in 1951 to the Soviet Union with the US nuclear technology.


Secret operation were arrested, were both executed in 1953). Wen Ho Lee was held in a separate cell, cell with no windows, light is always open, and the night will not go out. He also handcuffed and shackled prison, also. .


Always hungry. Wen Ho Lee and feel that the Government knows that he is not a spyware, they will not be able to access sensitive information, so we want to force him to commit suicide, the case was sitting there. He therefore declared in advance, long before their own never commit suicide. The turnover of the new century.


New Year's Day 2000, he was alone in the cell spent. Being held for nine months, he was finally forced to admit some minor faults, shows that the U.S. government to take his rational, so only in exchange for a prison. His "too..


What is wrong? "is the number of data downloaded to a personal computer. The information is public information, there is absolutely no sensitivity, but represents a programmer to work, everyone in the laboratory. Now, Lee.


Students still agree with the United States, the personal web site started a signature campaign and look forward to the U.S. President to apologize to him, expect the U.S. government to apologize to him, so that it can compensate the loss of his job loss. However, in his newly published autobiography, he. .


It is written to:.


"Unparalleled in captivity lonely days, I often think I may have committed the biggest mistake in life, should not the United States in 1964 to study..


Ph.d., make himself reduced to today's situation. The prison wall, I am compelled to conclude that a bitter conclusion: no matter how wise, no matter how hard-working, Asian like me, like me, never of Chinese descent.


Will be accepted by American society, will always be 'foreigners'. . ".


Yes, for the United States, although you Wen Ho Lee is an American citizen, he is Chinese. On China, Wen Ho Lee is American. Science has no national boundaries, and if there is no country scientist, he is suffering as Wen Ho Lee and Sir. Unless he doesn't want to succeed, you do not want to be a scientist.


2. In the tragedy of the motherland. .


You may recognize the "science has no national boundaries, but scientists have a homeland". I would like to further said that the tragedy of the motherland, a successful scientific workers also is a tragedy.


Great. .


The day before yesterday (23 February), the reference news "with a full-page reproduces the American magazine in an article. Article attacking Pakistan's "father of the nuclear bomb" Kader Khan. Kader Khan was born in 1936. He.


13. .


Years old, India's independence, the country is split into the United Kingdom, two countries, India and Pakistan. As Muslims, Kader Khan moved to Pakistan, but it is in his hometown of Bhopal in India. Bhopal is India's Madhya Pradesh.


Capital. Mentioned in passing, 20 years ago, in 1984, with the famous Bhopal tragedy occurred. Where a U.S. factory leaked 40 tons of highly toxic gas, causing 3,150 people died immediately, 5 million people blind,. .


8 000 permanent disability, 150 million people affected receive treatment, Bhopal, half the population. 1953, Kader Khan 17-year-old, going to the Pakistani capital D .J Karachi...


Institute of Learning, and soon went to study electrical engineering and metallurgy in Europe. Post-doctorate work in the Netherlands, engaged in atomic research. In 1976, when India began the atomic bomb project, home of 40-year-old Abdul Qadeer Khan. .


By with his knowledge of nuclear energy. Under his leadership, his efforts for more than 20 years, also have an atomic bomb. In 1998, Pakistan in India after the 5th open underground nuclear tests, Kader Khan from.


This became Pakistan's "nuclear bomb" father, a hero of the motherland in the text books, two were awarded the highest medal. Moreover, the truck around the country, buses are printed on the back of his portrait, he. .


Is the most famous person, than the President's popularity. Pakistan's population and Russian equivalent to half of the United States, Britain, France, a country's population doubled. But the United States, Russia, China, India, can have.


Nuclear weapons, Britain, France and even Israel can have nuclear weapons, Pakistan has been the United States and Western sanctions. Abdul Qadeer Khan probably believe that the atomic bomb can reduce the Muslim world, oppression and humiliation, so. .


An attempt was made to other Muslim countries sold some nuclear technology and equipment. He apparently did not succeed, the CIA has long stare at him, in his apartment, the factory and are placed in the room, or even buy a spy was his closest help.


Hand. This is the "country of Pakistan." Fortunately, China is not the case. Now Khan has been arrested by the government of their country, and questioned by U.S. intelligence officers. Under pressure, he had to confess all the truth. .


Phase, or invent everything needed by the United States, the United States to lies and intimidation of other countries, such as Iran.


Yes, the tragedy of the motherland, a successful scientist is also a tragedy. .


3. in the success of the motherland.


1996. .


Years in the Northwest of Zhongguancun, stands a space city. There's space flight control center in Beijing, is second only to the United States Houston Aerospace Center, the Russian Aerospace Center of the world's third-largest space flight control center.


Three years ago, I read a little on the network the story of the Beijing Aerospace in the city, was very moved. November 21, 1998, China's first experimental spacecraft Shenzhou space ship from the Jiuquan launch center launch, the spacecraft a stroke. .


Driven by the Beijing Central remote control, from the ignition off to return to the landing, thousands of dispatching the command issued from here. General scheduling is a BUAA graduates, the name is Shen Jing, there were only 25 years old. Shenzhou launch.


The date of his 25th birthday. One year after the spacecraft returned, he found that some state does not, but he is only 20 seconds to make a decision, and the consequences of the decision are enormous. He made a decision, and against the. Return capsule. .


At the time of landing, Shen Jing-not a feeling, legs, clenched fist sweat from, in the 1999 21 November, was his 26th birthday. He has stayed in the room for a whole year. To.


Shenzhou III was launched in 2002, this 1973 born 28-year-old boy has been re-scheduling of the three total. His salary is only 1,300 yuan. In fact, the control center of the researchers were so. .


For some students, all of our own culture. The launch of Shenzhou III, their average age of less than 30 years of age. And high energy physics and the atomic bomb, China's manned space no answers, and full of ideas.


Leading experts in backing out from school to rely on these young undergraduates and postgraduates. Has now become the spacecraft orbit expert Cao Xueyong Astronomy Beijing Normal University 1995 Master's graduate department. Come in to do a track on the set. .


Meter software. You can also manufacture spacecraft, spaceships, the data is also not clear. He knew the entire task system, without any reference to the programme, not one of the available procedures, documentation. He tried desperately, day and night reading abroad.


Information, hoping to find clues point slipping through the net, and he used his astronomical knowledge to inspire ideas. He almost never left the room, afraid of difficult to continue the interrupted train of thought, rely on instant noodles every day Tiandu Zi. After six months of not. .


Day and night, and he succeeded. Beijing air navigation Centre and many examples. Control software expert European languages Dept., 1995 graduated from Changsha University of science and technology, beginning in 1998, is responsible for the preparation of the remote control security software.


Write. It was a decision of the spacecraft can safely return to the key software, including all of the spacecraft to send commands, command chain and into the data. There is no readily available information to refer to start from scratch. China's spacecraft can get back. .


Years, is the 25-year-old. For two years and eight months, not white, not black made his software. Found a problem, nearly three years of work have been overthrown. He took a man hiding in the room-and-drop.


Voice crying. Center's leaders believe that underdog win, insisted substitutions. Only a few months, and a room in Europe Yujun Cheng workaholic, no matter what, people have entered the room to see him sitting there trying to think of, like. .


A bodhisattva. Mission accomplished, he broke, hydronephrosis, often severe sweating. Meanwhile, China's first launch of the spacecraft began, all new, and neither, there are a lot of software alone.


Instructions will be issued. Doctors and nurses from the hospital he was carried to the command room, playing the keyboard side of infusion side, insist on a stretcher for a few days and nights. Spacecraft to return after being carried back surgery. .


Why do I have to tell them, because Beijing air navigation Centre in Zhongguancun Science Park, next to their classmates, friends, where each month to earn over $ 50 million. You can cruise Center, Shen Jing over wages also means hard work day and night. Even one month to and work in the city met his wife. Shen Jing:.


"If just from the money point of view, many things have not do it. Outside is really a great temptation, but since I did this, we must seriously to dry. This opportunity Not everyone can come across. A people, a lifetime to catch a very rare situation. ". .


In this article, the network has a comments here, but also very interesting. Posted by the author recalls.


"92..


Years before graduation, Jiuquan to people, we hope to learn to control these people to work there, and it clearly said to spaceships. Can we think are going abroad, PubMed, complacent. Conference, Xu.


People gag, nonsense, mockery led officers. Schools did not play a positive role, but just go and find a few poor students can not get a degree and students from border areas to fool the army. Years, and us. .


People out of the country, became known as Dr. Yang, soil, frankly, is dead, what they have learned by all foreigners, but also our so-called ' results ' in front of them are so superficial, small, tiny. Is.


We are then to be mocked and students do not understand the real sacrifice for the motherland, I've met really do not know how to face them. We are deserters. . ".


As China.


These young lives for the cause spacecraft "success" it? Successful or unsuccessful. Perhaps some future success, and some even in the future is not too successful. I am reminded of one of our bombs and one satellite of the fathers of the Academy Ren Xinmin. .


He was born in 1915, Anhui. He is in the United States read dsme, then go to an American University when lecturers. If you do not have the founding of new China, he might just live up to calm the United States.


Life. In 1949, as many of its students in that period, like 34-year-old Mr. Ren Xinmin are back to build a new China, to contribute to the motherland. He soon became the long-range missiles, materials experts, to design the system. .


Made the "long March No. 1", is the launch of our first satellite of the rockets. In 1985, he was 70 years old, because the State Science and technology progress award, his contribution is known.


In 1995, he was. .


80 years old, "the title of" national excellent workers. In his country at the age of 85, he was awarded the Meritorious Service Medal of the "two" and "aerospace award." However, he said, "the aerospace industry is a collective undertaking, and individuals.


The role of small, very small. "Yes ah, I remember the other famous bombs and one satellite has said similar things, and give a very vivid example. Ren Xinmin Academy of Sciences 90 years old this year. In his 70 years ago, no one knows him..


The so-called "successful".


Successful, or so-called "unsuccessful," they have been successful, because their homeland is successful, the motherland is the most scientists have a strong backing. They push. .


The progress of the Republic, together with the Republic. People will forget a lot of things, but always respectful and remember how a group of people: their motherland or death of the major undertakings when a screw. Perseverance, these people.


Loyalty and patriotism, and continued the great myths of the Chinese nation, and has become an integral part of the spiritual heritage. Since then people know, even the so-called "unsuccessful" and scientists, they and the Republic of significant progress. .


Step associated with performance, but also from fellow eternal memorial for generations of Chinese scientists set a good example.


4. What is the scientific workers of the motherland? . .


Today I will talk about the theme "scientific workers of the motherland." Homeland is an abstract concept, compared to the salaries, working environment, the employer's reputation, and even in Beijing, China seems to be a vague concept.


However. .


While the scientific community, China has always been a patriotic tradition. Chinese science is to save the country from danger and the rise of the "Science of salvation" is China's first batch of scientific workers. The progress of science in our country. There is no branch.


Science, no modern scientific spirit, the spirit is not to replace superstition with science and ignorance, there is no universal scientific spirit of modern education, we would not today a powerful and weak states, rich. Motherland by scientists,. .


Scientific workers of the motherland, and hold up the building of the motherland. This building also gives scientists bring glory. Mathematician Shiing-Shen Chern and hypothesis of roots, just between the interdependence of the elephant.


Sign. The world, the Nobel Prize hundreds of thousands of people, but as a representative of the Chinese nation won the outstanding elements of the Nobel Prize, that honor belongs to a revival of the ancient civilization, is that millions of Chinese people looking eyes. .


Eye.


What is the motherland? Motherland is the land under our feet and land on people, every Chinese citizen, is the entire Chinese nation. The motherland is our home. Mother at that. .


? The motherland in front of you, in your dissertation, in your lab, in your everyday meal in the dining room is your daily face the students, teachers, colleagues. The rise and fall of the motherland is everyone's responsibility.


Ren, is the behavior of each of us every day accumulated. When our future scientists, engineers go to the temple fortune, Mai Fan does not line up, even stopper children, that is, the reasons for the backwardness. If you go to school only to themselves out. .


Head, not stepping on, just not to cooperate with others, you will get lazy, crooked ways, plagiarism, plagiarism, falsification of data, or even the State of research funding "washed" to buy a car House. It.


Like, our country would lag behind on poverty. .


Indeed, our home, our nation, backward, poverty, many places better than someone else's home. In a small country, we can be.


Easy has built a strong industry, the industrialization, but found that our night sky is not the shining star, we get the city dirty and stifling air, thick forest into a wasteland; the vast grassland into the. .


Yellow sand. Air dirty, not enough water, energy depletion, biodiversity is being rapidly stifled. So, a green China becomes ***, *** of China and the Chinese are grayed.??.


Strangling the life of industrial chemical pollution. We finally have enough food, but not any can be called "safe" food. Thus, industrialization, and our countries are still developing, do not see a developed country. .


House of hope. Moreover, our system is not reasonable to bring glorious aerospace scientists received wages from hand to mouth. More than is the case, we have many ordinary citizens were wronged, grievance cannot be changed.


Is, just not done. .


However, this is why we all citizens, in particular with China's science and technology development of scientists, engineers, to join efforts in order to use our hands to shore up the House.


Do not. .


People's House, that was someone else's home. Our House to break, but also our own home. Our home is our support and our parents and brothers and sisters. The House then crude, but also give us out.


Rain, give us a final sense of belonging, warmth and security to us. In order to shore us this humble house, in order to bring this shabby house into solid and comfortable mansions, but for a green industry. .


China, scientific workers were ready, ready to suffer, and even make sacrifices, as young people who have space in the city.


We as people, we recognize that we need not deny. But the sense of shame and then brave, we are brave, indomitable us. If we YuGongYiShan endless efforts, and strive to build the best home country. This is the ancestors left the spirit of our elite loyalty. .


Loyalty to loyalty?: become a compelling dense tree becomes the tree of a grain of dirt. This is not an ordinary Chinese people the inherent spirit, this is the spirit of the elite only. Precisely this kind of elite culture gave birth to our nation's future and hope.


"Science has no boundaries, but scientists have motherland." Your country backward, poverty, not so great respect for you outside. Your country advanced, wealthy, powerful, you do not famous get married, but you never defeated, because you are a country's success, you and your country to progress together. .


So.


But, after all, "science without borders," ah. People will say, you Pan Wei speak the many, not narrow nationalism, it? No, no. I say both of these arguments. First, the Chinese population than one fifth of the world, plus the overseas Chinese. .


People almost a quarter of the world's population. China's progress on all of the significant contribution to human progress. China's poverty problem solved, solve third world poverty problem there will be a decisive improvement.


The world's poor and backward problems will be close to solved. Second, science without borders, but there are frontiers of high technology. Blockade of high technology developed to developing countries to keep them behind the national oppression, exploitation. China. .


Progress of science and technology progress of China, is breaking high-tech national boundaries, "science is without borders" in real practice, is to give the world the oppressed, is an insult to bring hope of developing countries. Therefore, the progress of the motherland.


Is the sacred mission of scientists, this mission is the world belongs to all mankind, is an important part of human progress. .


Today, I talked a lot, can be summed up in four content. The first.


First, from the oppressed nations of the motherland is doomed scientists, whether or not to recognize his own admission. Second, the tragedy of the motherland, a successful scientist is still tragic. Third, the success of the motherland is the scientists into. .


Power, is a real science knows no borders. Fourth, in these young scientists and specialists of all Chinese people sincerely look forward to, looking forward to your hard work, honesty and loyalty.


5. As at the end of the four stories. .


I would like to talk to four stories to conclude my remarks. As regards the interpretation of these stories and scientific workers, and that all young technology elite opinion!.


Section. .


A story in the 19th century American city of Sacramento. There is the capital of the State of California, is the gold rush of the Chinese population, many Chinese to go gold. There.


A river, called the Sacramento. .


River, the bridge over the River. One day, a Manchu government Consul, was a military attache, is crossing the bridge. Behind him were two American farmers, miners, or the United States also crossing the bridge. Two people looking at the Chinese officials in the fashion of the flowers.


Dazzling official uniform, behind pig-tailed, fun, bet the Chinese diplomats will not swim. So the two push hard and put the official thrown into the Sacramento. .


River. He couldn't swim, drowned. Then, nothing happens, what will happen, just like it had never occurred. At that time, Chinese people do not recognize the "China".


Section. .


Second story happened in 1900. Eight-power allied forces only 000 soldiers, they defeated the Chinese army, occupied the city of Beijing, the Queen Mother fled to Xi'an. As a result, China's claims over $ 400 million and two silver. This figure is a..


According to the Ministry of Population in China at that time come, that is the Chinese people of all ages, one person lost a taels of silver. The money converted into eight respective currency. Among the eight countries, the United States "lost" (output) less. .


Only get a payout of 7. .5 percent.


, That is 450 002 000 of 33.002 million, estimated at USD 24.5 million yuan. Later, the U.S. Government admitted that its half of the claims are "false", it will be half of that paragraph, that is 12 million U.S.. .


Element, to China, on condition that is used to set up learning. $ 12 million of that time is very valuable. Today in the United States bought the House to half a million; at that time, as long as a few hundred dollars. In 1867, the United States paid only $ 2.


Thousands of dollars bought Alaska from Russia. Congress was also Xiangui, almost ruled out. 450 million taels of silver to buy a number of Alaska? To buy 46. .4 Months. Alaska bigger than the whole of Northeast China, is. .


America's biggest gold, oil, and fish products production base. Boxer Qifu since 1902, 38 years after 1940, during the annual interest rate of 4 per cent, a total of nearly two billion was paid. In the 1900 's.


Ago, China has just lost complete ***, is a Sino-Japanese Sino-Japanese war reparations, 200 million taels of silver, the value of 20 Alaska. At this time, the Chinese people in China is hard to disagree. .


The third it.


Things we are familiar. Power Allied Forces invaded in 1900 after half a century, to 1950, China's population is still 450 million, but the U.S. forces from the Yalu River to fight back "military demarcation line," the. This is self. .


In 1840, the first win since a foreign war, but to the world's most powerful country in the war, but also in foreign territory. It is the most obvious of the rise of the Chinese nation. In order to treat others.


Their nation, to a dignity, which is like Ren Xinmin elite academicians of science and technology as the reason for return to the motherland. .


Fourth, it is my last story. One of the KMT.


Collar, and retreated to Taiwan from the mainland after the defeated army of the will because it is not to be reused. The sixties of last century, he resigned to go to South Africa, do a little business live. At that time South Africa's close ties with Taiwan, are claimed to be *** of. .


Strong fortress. And the United States of South Africa also pursued a policy of apartheid, than in the United States also strict. Yellow colored, on the bus must sit in the back row seat, front-row seat belongs to white people. Forty years ago.


October 17, 1964, he took a bus, after the car he used to go back to the car. The driver said to him, you can take the front row, do not go behind. The old gentleman was extremely surprised, said: "I am Chinese..


People. "The driver said," I know, I noticed. "The old man said," well, I did not then they should sit behind the driver? "said," didn't you see today's newspaper? China yesterday was the atomic bomb explosion. Make the atomic bomb.


National course, master race. From today, Chinese people can take the front seat. "He suddenly stared. After a child, he broke down in tears said," I do not take this car, I stop walking. "Red China..


He earned a front row seat, earned a national dignity of the whole, but forever he followed the Chiang Kai-shek returned to the continent of hope to counter-attack, forever he returned to his hometown of hope that the non-at least at that time he is such a reason.


Solution. .


Yes, our understanding is not a simple task, it mixed with numerous personal enmity, both good and bad, hurt and disappointed. Yes, very ugly, but that is our own home.


Thank you. .


http://www。.blogcn。.com。.


2005-5-7 21:56:47. .


Author: shenghuo988.


Only 1440 minutes of your day, how much you can complete the work? Information and numerous accelerated workplace environment, we must increasingly less time to complete more and more things. In today's increasingly complex and tight. .


The pace of work together, the "keep it simple" is the best response. The "simple" comes from the clear goals and direction, and you know what to do, not what to do. This is career advisory expert Bill · Jensen.


(Bill Jensen) heartfelt recommendation to all workers. .


The pursuit of simple, resolve inefficiencies.


Currently serving as communications management consulting firm Johnson Group (Jensen Group) president and chief executive of Bierzhansen, has since 1992, continuing a "pursuit of simple." .


(The Search for Simpler Way) studies, the long-term observation of the enterprise staff's model, on the result of excessive, cause inefficiencies.


In 2001, Johnson published his first book, "Simple is power" (Simplicity), just listed immediately boarded the "New York Times" (New York Times) bestseller. .


Rankings, aroused. This will be a "simple" Jensen's concepts into practical day-to-day work. Based on his years of research findings, modern work becomes complex and inefficient is the most important reason.


"Lack of focus." Because of unclear objectives, always a waste of time to do the same thing repeated or unnecessary things; omitted key information, they waste too much time on unimportant information; grasp the focus must counter. .


Complex communication of the same thing.


"Some few do not want you to do onto others, or to evade responsibility, but when you focus, it is clear about what matters to do, naturally spend less effort, better results," Johnson in the next. .


From the latest issue of fast company "(Fast Company) journal access. In other words, the goal of clear, focused, good communication is a simple work informally.


Following the 10 most practical way of simple work, for reference. .


1. clarify the objectives and requirements of the work, you can avoid duplication of work and reduce the chance of error.


You have to sort out the problems include:. .


– I must make?.


- Please recommend me from where to start? . .


You need to know the details of the work is not a problem, but rather to determine the approximate direction and priorities. For example, you should first confirm what matters, not the subsequent jobs; what should be the last, to avoid changes to other processes must be repeatedly redo; between the various processes and how coordination and integration, etc..


- What should I pay attention to things, to avoid affecting the achievement of the goals? . .


— What are the available tools and resources?.


You should first understand the company's existing resources which can be applied, which can seek support, so as to more effectively plan their time and progress. .


2. know how to deny other people, not for additional requirements to disrupt the progress of his work.


For many people, refused the request of others seems to be a difficult thing, you always worry about:. .


— Will lose work?.


- The friendship between my colleagues and I are on this end? . .


— The boss may be accepted?.


This time is no longer the answer is "yes" and "no", but the process of communication and dialogue. You do not reject each other, but communicate with each other solutions. Communication process is the same for the other side to understand your real work, not without reason to find the one you requested your help. .


3. prioritize active remind your boss, you can significantly reduce the workload.


4. . The report should have their own point of view, only a small amount of information can make the boss satisfied. .


Too much information will become key, if they lack the boss with a little help. "Content to streamline, to the point, the most important thing is to be able to help me make decisions quickly," this is the access number of senior managers Jensen for presentation of content requirements, the resulting conclusions unanimously.


You have to do is make use of important information or explanation of data, must have their own point of view, rather than the ambiguous description. .


5. when the presentation is to increase the interaction opportunities to shorten the presentation content and report time.


The next step is the actual production problems. The best way to start is the focus of the audience wanted to know into question, not only to attract the audience's attention immediately, but can significantly reduce your workload. .


Presentation of procedures should not be the only one talking, ask questions, you can have interactive with the audience. This 50-minute agenda you only need to prepare for a 30-minute presentation, the rest of the time.


Should be interactive with the audience between the time. .


6. effective filtering messages, so that my focus on the most important message.


E-mail and real-time communications technology is a blessing, is also a curse. Because it is, you can see the world, but also because it, you are messy, do not focus, unnecessary message to overwhelmed. You should do is know when to turn off your virtual communication in the door. .


Ahmadinejad is satisfied that the market research company (Gartner Research) believe that modern people inevitably fall into the so-called "ubiquitous link".


(Pervasive connectivity) in myths, so that everyone at any time you can reach you. Not only is the e-mail, including cell phones, real-time SMS and so on. These technologies let me. .


Can real-time communications, we have a natural feel must be ready to let people find, must respond to every thing must be done immediately, as you can. All because it is unrealistic to expect too much, but work.


Excessive consumption of their own. .


The proliferation of spam is probably one of the reasons, but more importantly, we do not know how to use objective standards for fast and effective filtering and editing large amounts of information, spend too much time not important letters, really need your attention but was left out.


Correct filtering process, the first step is to look at the subject and sender of the letter, if not make you feel the reason to read it today, you can delete. So that at least 50% of the messages can be deleted. .


The second step to begin to quickly browse the rest of the content of each letter, unless regarding the letter in the near future (i.e. 2 weeks) you must complete the work, or you can delete it. You can then delete the 25 per cent of the letters.


The first two steps in the time spent should not exceed 10 minutes. Your mailbox should now only 25% of the letters, but does not mean you have to keep the remaining 25% of all the letters. This letter you must determine:. .


— And now you are working on.


- Is there that you must complete what. .


— Whether there is a description of what goals should be reached.


- Is there a list of available resources. .


If you do not meet the criteria set out above with respect to direct delete or return it to the sender, and ask these questions as soon as possible and reply.


After the three stages of the procedure, you should be able to successfully remove 90% of the letters. .


7. content of the message should be as concise as possible, saving the time of writing and to increase the chances of each response.


"The most easy to read, understand, and reply to the letter, the most attracted my attention." This is Jason doing "the pursuit of a simple" research program, a senior director of response for the e-mail usage. .


Everyone's time and attention are limited, the contents of e-mail messages, the more concise the better, not only can you save yourself time, better attract the attention of the recipient, the chance of improving response, or your email.


As the other 90% delete the list. You must use the smallest space, at least in the text, pass up, the most important message, and must be easier to read, save each other's time. .


Do? language letter must be limited to 3 x 5 inches, within the limits of space is approximately the size of a photo. Why is this number? because for receiving messages, this space can make them in 2-3 seconds to quickly browse through all of the content, you do not need to scroll the screen.


How do you use this limited space to write e-mail content? . .


— The e-mail content is approximately 8 to 12 in the context of the sentence.


- More than 20 words should wrap. .


-If more than 3 lines must be empty.


8. . When there is no communication possible, do not waste time want to change. .


Competent for you will usually have the following five possible answers.


- Completely agree: "I totally agree with you, will fully support you.". .


— Agrees: "I do not totally agree, but I believe your judgement. ” 。.


- Noncommittal: "I do not agree with you, because ... ... But it is a thank you for your comments.". .


— Did not agree: "do as I do. ” 。.


- Do not agree: "I am not allowed to have such thoughts, but do not allow other people think so.". .


9. the trust does not require repeated communication, you can get your resources.


The boss of your trust from your ability to solve problems. So you have to think from different perspectives: What is your boss was the most headaches? . .


— Cannot be completed in accordance with the original plan.


- Can not control the situation, the future was uncertain. .


— Want employees to be able to do more to reduce additional costs.


10. . Focus on the work itself, rather than the nominal performance evaluation in order to really have a good performance. .


Off to a good performance, your starting point is the work itself, but assessment of non-performance. You just have to think about the following issues: how to put this thing do? you need to strengthen the capacity of its own which? when you successfully complete goals, with specific outcomes that will have a good assessment of the results.


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